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Weak rule of law, corruption restrains banking growth and stability— S & P

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Standard and Poor an international rating agencies has in its recent report  that rapid loan growth and a lapse in corporate governance present the main risks to the Nigerian banking sector. According to the report “The structurally high level of credit risk is the result of historically weak underwriting standards and a lack of transparency, while potential political interference could undermine the progress made in regulation and supervision and impact our ratings on the banks.

“What is more, a decline in oil prices and production, and in the exchange rate, could rapidly affect the banking sector, which is significantly exposed to the oil and gas sector and foreign currency lending. In addition, competition for new business could lead banks to raise their risk tolerance as various regulatory changes and lower interest rates will likely constrain earnings in 2014.

“This presents a risk to banks’ capital if credit growth resumes at a quicker pace than we currently anticipate, or if shareholders become more demanding in terms of dividend distribution. We see no immediate rating triggers. That said, infrastructure spending and the reforms in agriculture and the power sector could in our view translate into improved loan growth opportunities in the real economy, and at the same time support industry diversification and reduce single-name concentrations.

“We also believe sector reforms and rising wealth levels could create more banking opportunities in retail and in small and midsize enterprises.

The report said that despite reasonably sound growth, of the Nigerian economy, weak laws and corruption are serious hindrances to rapid progress. It said “In our opinion, Nigeria faces significant governance issues, and political tensions within the ruling party are intensifying in anticipation of the 2015 presidential election. But it’s the country’s historic weak rule of law, and high level of corruption, that will likely continue to restrain the banking sector’s long-term growth and stability. We forecast average GDP growth of 6.4 per cent for Nigeria in 2013-2016, supported by non-oil sectors. That said, the oil sector will continue to dominate Nigeria’s economy because it provides about 15 per cent of GDP

Standard and Poor in its report said “Nigerian banks rated by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services are assigned stable outlooks, reflecting our view that the domestic economy will continue to support the banks’ loan growth, earnings generation, and balance-sheet growth given the current low level of nonperforming loans.

“However, we see greater downside risks than upside for Nigerian bank ratings in 2014 due to mounting political pressures, which could affect the banks’ growth and loan portfolio quality, with an attendant gradual deterioration in capital and operating performance. We also consider that future growth and stability of the banking sector will largely depend on a cohesive regulatory framework, together with political and institutional stability, and see a risk that the momentum regulatory improvements may slow after the leadership changes at the central bank this year. We base our opinions on Nigeria’s robust GDP growth, which we estimate at 6.5% in 2014; on stable inflation of about 8%-9%; and on an ongoing, but slower push toward economic diversification in the country, supported by reforms in the power sector and in agriculture.

“These factors should in our view support accelerated balance sheet growth among the banks in 2014 of between 20 per cent and 30 per cent. Meanwhile, we anticipate that the Nigerian banking sector will remain entrenched in its current tiering configuration for the foreseeable future. However, we believe competition for new business will intensify to attract private deposits and provide lending across the value chain offered mainly through high quality corporates.

Standard and Poor further said “Our stable outlooks on Nigerian banks reflect the country’s reasonably sound economic growth, and we believe that economic reform will support credit growth and earnings stability in 2014. Our base-case scenario includes GDP growth of 6.5% in 2014, stable inflation, and slower economic

Diversification; Balancing loan growth of 20%-30%, slower profit growth, and increased shareholder demands, we anticipate a gradual deterioration in capital for all Nigerian banks through 2014-2015; Unexpected rapid loan growth and corporate governance issues continue to be major threats to ratings in the short term. It is our expectation that the sector will remain highly competitive and could cause credit risk to rise”.

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Afreximbank successfully closed its second Samurai Bond transactions, raising JPY 81.8bn or $527m

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African Export-Import Bank said it has successfully closed its second Samurai bond transaction, securing a total of JPY 81.8 billion (approx. USD 527 million) through Regular and Retail Samurai Bonds offerings.

The execution surpasses the Bank’s 2024 debut issuance size, attracting orders from more than 100 institutional and retail investors, marking a renewed demonstration of strong Japanese investor confidence in the Bank’s credit and its growing presence in the yen capital markets.

On 18 November, Afreximbank priced a JPY 45.8 billion 3-year tranche in the Regular Samurai market following a comprehensive sequence of investor engagement activities leveraging Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD9), including Non-Deal Roadshows (NDRs) in Tokyo, Kanazawa, Kyoto, Shiga and Osaka, a Global Investor Call, and a two-day soft-sounding process which tested investor appetite across 2.5-, 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year maturities.

With market expectations of a Bank of Japan interest rate increase, investor demand concentrated in shorter tenors, resulting in a focused 3-year tranche during official marketing.

The tranche attracted strong participation from asset managers (22.3%), life insurers (15.3%), regional corporates, and high-net-worth investors (39.7%).

Concurrently, Afreximbank priced its second Retail Samurai bond on 18 November, a JPY 36.0 billion 3-year tranche, more than double the inaugural JPY 14.1 billion Retail Samurai issuance completed in November 2024.

The 2025 Retail Samurai bond also marks the first Retail Samurai bond issued in Japan in 2025.

Following the amendment to Afreximbank’s shelf registration on 7 November 2025, SMBC Nikko conducted an extensive seven-business-day demand survey through its nationwide branch network, followed by a six-business-day bond offering period.

The offering benefited from strong visibility supported by Afreximbank’s investor engagement across the country, including the Bank’s participation at TICAD9, where Afreximbank hosted the Africa Finance Seminar to introduce Multinational Development Bank’s mandate in Africa and its credit profile to key Japanese institutional investors.

MBC Nikko Securities Inc. acted as Sole Lead Manager and Bookrunner for both the Regular and Retail Samurai transactions. Chandi Mwenebungu, Afreximbank’s Managing Director, Treasury & Markets and Group Treasurer, commented:

“We are pleased with the successful completion of our second Samurai bond transactions, which marked a significant increase from our inaugural Retail Samurai bond in 2024, and which reflect the growing depth of our relationship with Japanese investors.

The strong demand, both in the Regular and Retail offerings, demonstrates sustained confidence in Afreximbank’s credit and mandate.

We remain committed to deepening our engagement in the Samurai market through regular investor activities and continued collaboration with our Japanese partners.”

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Ecobank unveils SME bazaar: a festive marketplace for local entrepreneurs

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Ecobank Nigeria, a member of Africa’s leading pan-African banking group, has announced the launch of the Ecobank SME Bazaar—a two-weekend festive marketplace designed to celebrate local creativity, empower entrepreneurs, and give Lagos residents a premium shopping experience this Detty December. The Bazaar will hold on 29–30 November and 6–7 December at the Ecobank Pan African Centre (EPAC), Ozumba Mbadiwe Road, Victoria Island, Lagos. Speaking ahead of the event, Omoboye Odu, Head of SMEs, Ecobank Nigeria, reaffirmed the bank’s commitment to supporting small and medium-sized businesses, describing them as the heartbeat of Nigeria’s economy. She explained that the Ecobank SME Bazaar was created to enhance visibility for entrepreneurs, expand market access, and support sustainable business growth.
According to her, “This isn’t just a market—it’s a vibrant hub of culture, commerce, and connection. From fresh farm produce to trendy fashion, handcrafted pieces, lifestyle products, and delicious food and drinks, the Ecobank SME Bazaar promises an unforgettable experience for both shoppers and participating SMEs. Whether you’re shopping for festive gifts, hunting for unique finds, or soaking in the Detty December energy, this is the place to be.” Ms. Odu added that participating businesses will enjoy increased brand exposure, deeper customer engagement, and meaningful networking opportunities—making the Bazaar a strong platform for both festive-season sales and long-term business growth. The event is powered by Ecobank in partnership with TKD Farms, Eko Marche, Leyyow, and other SME-focused organisations committed to building sustainable enterprises.

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16 banks have recapitalised before deadline—CBN

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The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has said that16 banks have so far met the new capital requirements for their various licences, some four months before the March 31, 2026 deadline. The apex bank also indicated that 27 other banks have raised capital through various methods in one of the most extensive financial sector reforms since 2004. Addressing journalists at the end of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting in Abuja, CBN Governor Mr Olayemi Cardoso said the banking recapitalisation was going on orderly, consistent with the regulator’s expectations. He said, “We are monitoring developments, and indications show the process is moving in the right direction.” Nigeria has 44 deposit-taking banks, including seven commercial banks with international authorisation, 15 with national authorisation, four with regional authorisation, four non-interest banks, six merchant banks, seven financial holding companies and one representative office.
Cardoso explained that eight commercial banks had met the N500 billion capital requirement as of July 22, 2024, rising to 14 by September of the same year. The number has now increased to 16 as the industry continues to race toward full compliance. He said that the reforms would reinforce the resilience of Nigerian banks both within the country and across the continent. “We are building a financial system that will be fit for purpose for the years ahead. Many Nigerian banks now operate across Africa and have been innovative across different markets. These new buffers will better equip them to manage risks in the multiple jurisdictions where they operate,” Cardoso said. According to him, the reforms would strengthen the financial sector’s capability to support households and businesses. He said, “Ultimately, this benefits Nigerians—our traders, our businesses and our citizens—who operate across those regions. “It should give everyone comfort to know that Nigerian banks with deep local understanding are present to support them. Commercial banks are also creating their own buffers through the ongoing recapitalisation.”
He added that the apex bank considered several factors in determining the new capital thresholds, including prevailing macroeconomic conditions, stress test results and the need for stronger risk buffers. He reassured on the regulator’s commitment to strict oversight as the consolidation progresses. “We will rigorously enforce our ‘fit and proper’ criteria for prospective new shareholders, senior management, and board members of banks, and proactively monitor the integrity of financial statements, adequacy of financial resources, and fair valuation of banks’ post-merger balance sheets,” Cardoso said. He said the CBN remained confident that the banking system would emerge stronger at the conclusion of the recapitalization exercise, with institutions better prepared to support Nigeria’s economic transformation Banks have up till March 31, 2026 to beef up their minimum capital base to the new standard set by the apex bank. Under the new minimum capital base, CBN uses a distinctive definition of the new minimum capital base for each category of banks as the addition of share capital and share premium, as against the previous use of shareholders’ funds.
While most banks have shareholders’ funds in excess of the new minimum capital base, their share premium and share capital significantly fall short of the new minimum definition. The CBN had in March 2024 released its circular on review of minimum capital requirement for commercial, merchant and non-interest banks. The apex bank increased the new minimum capital for commercial banks with international affiliations, otherwise known as mega banks, to N500 billion; commercial banks with national authorisation, N200 billion and commercial banks with regional license, N50 billion. Others included merchant banks, N50 billion; non-interest banks with national license, N20 billion and non-interest banks with regional license will now have N10 billion minimum capital. The 24-month timeline for compliance ends on March 31, 2026. Under the guidelines for the recapitalisation exercise, banks are expected to subject their new equity funds to capital verification before the clearance of the allotment proposal and release of the funds to the bank for onwards completion of the offer process and addition of the new capital to its capital base. The CBN is the final signatory in a tripartite capital verification committee that included the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC). The committee is saddled with scrutinising new funds being raised by banks under the ongoing banking sector recapitalisation exercise.

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