Business
Naira exchange rate now N180 to US dollar
The Naira fell by 200 kobo Tuesday, as the parallel market exchange rate rose to N180 per dollar from N178 per dollar on Monday. Confirming this development to Vanguard, Acting President, Association of Bureaux De Change Operators of Nigeria (ABCON) Alhaji Aminu Gwadabe said the depreciation was due to scarcity of dollars in the market. He said most of the banks are not selling dollars to BDCs hence aggravating the scarcity in the market.
This was corroborated by Managing Director/Chief Executive, HJ Trust BDC, Mr. Harrison Owoh. He said that parallel market rate rose from N177.3 to N180 per dollar because there is no dollar in the market. He said the banks are not selling to BDCs, and the two banks that sold, sold at N179 per dollar and N178.4 per dollar. He added that the depreciation of the naira is not limited to the dollar adding that it has been depreciating against the Euro and Pound in recent times too. He said the exchange rate of the Euro has risen to N220 from N117 last week. Owoh said that the market is overwhelmed with uncertainty about the exchange rate. “If fact we don’t know what is the rate of the dollar now”, he said.
Vanguard investigations reveal that the increasing scarcity in the market has prompted operators to resort to hoarding whatever foreign currency in their possession. It was gathered that BDCs that bought dollars from the CBN at N157 per dollar last week hoarded them, only to sell them this week at N179/N180 per dollar.
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) yesterday bowed to banks’ demand for the removal of the 10 kobo margin limit imposed on intervention dollars.
Meanwhile, the Naira depreciated to N180 to the dollar at the parallel market in response to scarcity of dollars in the market.
Vanguard investigations reveal that at a meeting between the CBN and chief executives f banks yesterday, the CBN agreed to remove the 10 kobo margin limit on intervention dollars.
Intervention dollars are dollars sold directly to banks by the CBN to stabilise the exchange rate of the Naira in the interbank market. Three weeks ago, the CBN imposed 10 kobo margin limit on intervention dollars.
“Funds purchased through the CBN interventions should be utilised within two working days of delivery at a rate not more than 10 kobo above purchase rate. Consequently, intervention funds not utilised within two working days of delivery should be returned to CBN at the original purchase rate”, the CBN said in a circular signed by Mr. I.O Gbadamosi, Director, Trade and Exchange Department.
The limit however made the intervention dollars unattractive to banks and as a result they stopped purchasing the dollars from the CBN.
Investigation revealed that the banks deliberately shunned CBN’s request for the foreign exchange quotes or offer to sell intervention dollars.
This however frustrated efforts of the apex bank to curtail depreciation of the Naira in the interbank foreign exchange market, leading to N7.45 depreciation of the national currency last week.
To arrest this development, the apex bank called a meeting of chief executives of banks yesterday to discuss recent developments in the foreign exchange market and its effort to stabilise the exchange rate.
Vanguard reliably gathered that the banks CEOs made it clear to the apex bank the 10 kobo margin limit has to be removed for banks to purchase the intervention dollars.
While the meeting was in progress, the Naira continued to depreciate at the interbank market, with the interbank exchange rate rising to N177.3 per dollar by midday. It was gathered that this development and fears that the interbank exchange rate could hit N180 per dollar before the close of business yesterday prompted the CBN to accede to the request of the banks for the removal of the 10 kobo limit.
A senior foreign exchange dealer, who confirmed this development to Vanguard, said the decision to remove the limit was communicated to banks via the Reuters trading platform. In addition, the CBN and the bank captains agreed that the apex bank would continue to intervene in the interbank market.
Furthermore, the apex bank hurriedly sold intervention dollars to the banks, to arrest the free fall of the naira in the interbank market. The move proved effective, as the interbank exchange rate dropped sharply to N170 per dollar, before rising to close at N173.25.
How CBN’s policy aggravated depreciation of Naira
Since the beginning of the month, the naira has depreciated by N7.9 at interbank market, and N10 at the parallel market.
Interbank and parallel market operators attributed to this sharp depreciation to restrictions introduced by the CBN to curb foreign exchange demand at the official market.
On October 28, in addition to the 10 kobo margin limit imposed on intervention dollars, the CBN banned banks from selling the dollars to BDCs. Furthermore, on November 6th, the CBN excluded importation of six items from official foreign exchange, saying it would no longer sell official foreign exchange for the importation of the items. The items included electronics, finished products, information technology, generators, telecommunication equipment and invisible transactions. According to the apex bank, the items would henceforth be funded from the interbank foreign exchange market only. Thus the apex bank shifted demand for foreign exchange for importation of the six items from the official market to the interbank market.
The two restrictions combined together occasioned sharp increase in demand for foreign exchange in the interbank market, and scarcity of dollars in the parallel market. Though the CBN was selling intervention dollars to banks, banks could trade with the dollars because of the 10 kobo limit. This according to a foreign exchange dealer created a scarcity situation in interbank and the subsequent steady depreciation of the naira.
Naira would continue to depreciate
According to Harrison Owoh, except the CBN increase the dollar sale to BDCs, or allow banks to sell intervention dollars to them, the naira would continue to depreciate in the parallel market. “The $15,000 sold to each BDCs is inadequate to address the scarcity in the market. Once the CBN increases dollar supply to BDCs, the parallel market rate would fall significantly”, he said.
A senior foreign exchange dealer who spoke on anonymity however said the though the CBN would try to manage the situation, it is obvious that it would have to devalue the naira very soon. He said, there is increasing fears among foreign exchange dealers that the CBN surprise the market with a N15 depreciation of the naira at the official market. He said banks are already advising their customers who have dollar liabilities to move them into naira so as to avoid the severe impact of a sharp devaluation of the naira.
But a former CBN Director who confided in Vanguard said that the CBN can avoid a sharp devaluation by adopting some measures. “The CBN should limit its foreign exchange sales to a particular time of the day, and allow demand and supply to rule in the market to determine the official rate. The CBN can also use dollar accounts of some dollar earning MDAs like NNPC, NIMASA, to support the naira,” the Director said.
Business
FG earned N2.78trn from Company Income Tax in second quarter 2025—NBS
National Bureau of Statistics has said that Nigeria’s Company Income Tax rose sharply in the second quarter of 2025, hitting N2.78 trillion.
The figure represents a significant 40.27 per cent increase compared to the N1.98 trillion recorded in the first quarter of the year, reflecting both improved tax compliance and stronger corporate performance across key economic sectors.
The NBS report said that domestic company income tax payments accounted for the bulk of the revenue, contributing N2.31 trillion, while offshore collections stood at N469.36 billion during the period under review.
According to the NBS, the financial and insurance sector recorded the highest quarter-on-quarter growth, rising by an astonishing 772.29 per cent, driven by improved profitability among banks, fintechs, and insurance firms following robust half-year earnings.
This, according to NBS, was followed by wholesale and retail trade, as well as motor vehicle repair activities, which grew by 538.38%.
Activities of households as employers also surged by 526.79%, although their overall contribution to total company income tax remained negligible.
On the flip side, some sectors experienced sharp declines in company income tax remittances.
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies dropped by –45.01%, while education, public administration, defence, and compulsory social security recorded declines of –26.61% and –18.17% respectively.
The contraction in these sectors, particularly education and public administration, highlights persistent structural and fiscal challenges confronting government-funded institutions.
In terms of contribution to total tax revenue, financial and insurance activities led with a dominant 44.13%, reflecting the sector’s continuing expansion and strong capital flows.
Manufacturing followed with 15.57%, bolstered by increased production output and improved supply chain activity.
Mining and quarrying ranked third, contributing 9.18%, supported by higher commodity prices and renewed interest in solid mineral development.
At the bottom of the contribution chart were activities of households as employers, which accounted for just 0.01%, as well as activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies, and water supply, sewerage, waste management, and remediation services, each contributing 0.04%. Despite economic headwinds, year-on-year company income tax collection still rose by 12.66% when compared to Q2 2024, underscoring moderate but steady improvement in government revenue mobilisation.
Company income tax collection in the same period of 2024 rose by 150.83 per cent N2.47 trillion. In the first three months of the year, company income tax collection stood at N984.61 billion. According to the report, local payments in the period under review amounted to N1.35 trillion, while foreign CIT payments contributed N1.12 trillion. On a quarter-on-quarter basis, the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sectors exhibited the highest growth rate at 474.50%, followed by financial and insurance activities at 429.76%, and manufacturing at 414.15%.
Business
Lagos govt promises MSMEs continued visibility, market access
Lagos State government has reaffirmed its unwavering commitment to supporting micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) across the state through visibility, capacity building, and market access. Commissioner for Commerce, Cooperatives, Trade, and Investment, Folashade Ambrose-Medebem, made the pledge on Sunday at the closing ceremony of the 2025 Lagos International Trade Fair (LITF). The 38th edition of the event, organised by the Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI), had its theme as “Connecting Business, Creating Value.”
Ms Ambrose-Medebem said every entrepreneur, regardless of scale, deserves an enabling environment to thrive and contribute meaningfully to the state’s economic prosperity. She said the state, through strategic investments in infrastructure, institutional reforms, and continuous engagement with the private sector, was building a Lagos that worked for business. The commissioner added that the state would continue to foster innovation, competitiveness, and sustainability.
“As a government, we remain steadfast in our commitment to making Lagos the preferred destination for commerce and enterprise. This fair has once again demonstrated the power of connection: connection between producers and consumers, investors and innovators, the government and the private sector, and local entrepreneurs and global brands. Every handshake, every conversation, every business card exchanged here is a building block toward the future we are creating, a future of prosperity that leaves no one behind,” she said.
The commissioner urged businesses to continue to connect, collaborate, and create value, saying, “In Lagos, we do not just trade goods; we trade ideas, build futures, and transform lives. “Together, let us continue to make Lagos not just a place of commerce, but a symbol of progress, innovation, and endless opportunity.” Gabriel Idahosa, president of LCCI, urged governments at all levels to continue addressing the issues of creating an enabling environment in the country.Mr Idahosa said focus should be on infrastructure, security, and implementing the right policies to address the key drivers of high inflation.
This, he said, was needed to fully harness the vast enterprising resources of domestic and foreign investors for the diversification of our economy and the welfare of our people. He pledged the commitment of the organised private sector to stand solidly behind the state in its quest to actualise its innovative initiatives on all fronts. NAN
Business
Jumia posts $17.7m pre-tax loss in Q3, down 1% in 12 Months
Jumia Technologies AG posts a $17.7 million loss before income tax in the third quarter of 2025, down 1% year-on-year from $17.8 million in the third quarter of 2024. The road to profitability has remained long as ecommerce continues to face uncertainties, including widening competition with rivals in the same industry. The e-commerce company revenue came in at $45.6 million compared to $36.4 million in the third quarter of 2024, representing a 25% year-over-year surge in the period. The company reported gross merchandise value of $197.2 million compared to $162.9 million in the third quarter of 2024, up 21% year-over-year. Excluding South Africa and Tunisia, physical goods GMV grew 26% year-over-year, Jumia revealed in the unaudited financials.
Jumia said in its report that the GMV growth was driven by supply and strong marketing execution, partially offset by lower corporate sales in Egypt. Excluding corporate sales, GMV in reported currency grew 37% year-over-year. Nigeria’s momentum accelerated, with order growth up 30% and GMV up 43% year-over-year, Jumia said. The e-commerce giant’s operating loss reduced by 13% year-over-year to $17.4 million compared to $20.1 million in the third quarter of 2024. The company’s adjusted earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortisation loss dropped by 17% to $14.0 million compared to $17.0 million in the third quarter of 2024.
Jumia reported a loss before income tax of $17.7 million, a slight reduction of 1% compared to $17.8 million in the third quarter of 2024. Liquidity printed at $82.5 million, a decrease of $15.8 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to an increase of $71.8 million in the third quarter of 2024, which included the net proceeds from the August 2024 At-the-Market (ATM) offering, and a decrease of $12.4 million in the second quarter of 2025.
Its net cash flow used in operating activities settled at $12.4 million compared to net cash flow used in operating activities of $26.8 million in the third quarter of 2024 and $12.7 million used in the second quarter of 2025. The result includes a positive working capital contribution of $0.4 million.
Jumia reported that customers’ orders grew 34% year-over-year, driven by strong execution, enhanced product assortment, and healthy consumer demand across key categories. It said quarterly active customers ordering physical goods grew by 23% year-over-year, highlighting continued engagement and customer loyalty. As of September 30, 2025, the Company’s liquidity position was $82.5 million, comprised of $81.5 million in cash and cash equivalents and $1.0 million in term deposits and other financial assets, it said in the report Jumia’s liquidity position decreased by $15.8 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to an increase of $71.8 million in the third quarter of 2024, which included net proceeds from the August 2024 At-the-Market (ATM) offering, and a decrease of $12.4 million in the second quarter of 2025.
Net cash used in operating activities was $12.4 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to a net cash used of $26.8 million in the third quarter of 2024 and $12.7 million used in the second quarter of 2025. The result includes a positive working capital contribution of $0.4 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to a negative working capital contribution of $9.1 million in the third quarter of 2024, primarily reflecting improvements in operating performance.
In addition, the Company reported $1.4 million in capital expenditures in the third quarter of 2025, compared to $0.9 million in the third quarter of 2024, primarily reflecting investments in infrastructure and facility enhancements to support business growth. “This quarter marks a significant acceleration in customer demand and order growth, driven by strong execution across our markets and growing consumer trust in the Jumia brand. We believe Jumia has reached an inflection point as our compelling value proposition, and improved operational discipline position us for sustainable, profitable growth.
“We continue to strengthen our cost structure and sharpen operational discipline, reinforcing our path toward profitability. Our focus remains on execution and customer engagement as we build a more efficient business.
“We believe that we are on track to reach breakeven on a Loss before Income tax basis in Q4 2026 and achieve full-year profitability in 2027, positioning Jumia for long-term growth and value creation.”
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