Business
CBN releases controversial 2013 annual report, now IFRS complaint
— Earned interest of $29m from external reserves
—-Forex inflow rose to $146.2bn, outflow $43.4bn
—-Recruited 771 staff in 2013
—-$28bn spent on importation of goods
By Omoh Gabriel
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) weekend released the 2013 annual report that led to suspension of the former Governor Sanusi Lamido Sanusi. The Financial Report Council of Nigeria had raised issue with the accounts saying it needed some detail explanation as required in the International Financial Reporting Standard. It was on the basis of issues raised by the Council that the former CBN Governor was suspended. How ever the CBN said that it “has formally released its audited financial statements for 2013 and 2014 and has fully adopted the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for the financial statements.
The CBN annual report said the Bank made a total earnings of $0.29 billion (N44.41 billion), from the external reserves in 2013 representing an increase of 7.1 per cent over the level in 2012. According to the CBN in order to earn additional income from the external asset management programme, the CBN signed a Master Securities Lending Agreement with JP Morgan Chase to participate in its securities lending programme. The custodian was allowed to lend the securities purchased by the fund managers to eligible borrowers in accordance with the guidelines.
It said that total earnings from the securities lending operations from the inception of the programme in December 2007 amounted to $54.93 million, of which $1.36 million was realised in 2013, representing a decline of 41.8 per cent, compared with $2.33 million earned in 2012.
The released financial statements indicate that the net income of the Bank for 2013 amounted to N209.6 billion while that of 2014 was N 35.4 billion out of which 80 per cent have since been remitted to the Federal Government of Nigeria in accordance with the Fiscal Responsibility Act. The balance of 20 per cent was also transferred to the Reserves within the Bank.
The report said that The Bank in 2013 recruited seven hundred and seventy-one personnel, consisting of two executives, four hundred and twenty-seven senior and three hundred and forty-two junior staff. This was made up of two hundred and seventy-six female and four hundred and ninety-five male. The Bank, however, lost the services of twenty-seven staff through death; fifteen through voluntary retirement; seventy-two through mandatory retirement; and ten through resignation. Furthermore, the appointment of nine staff was terminated, while twenty-seven were dismissed. The staff strength stood at 6,594, compared with 5,983 in 2012.
The report said “Available data showed that total foreign exchange in flows through the economy rose by 22.9 per cent to $146.27billion in 2013. Of this, inflows through the CBN and autonomous sources amounted to $41.07 billion and US$105.20 billion and accounted for 28.1 and 71.9 per cent, respectively. A disaggregation of the inflows through the autonomous sources showed that invisibles accounted for $98.53billion; non-oil exports, $6.31 billion; and external account, $0.36billion. The invisibles comprised over-the-counter purchases (OTC) and domiciliary accounts which amounted to $62. 93billion (63.9per cent) and $35.60 billion (36.1 per cent), of the total, respectively.
“Aggregate foreign exchange outflows through the economy rose by 17.9 per cent above the level in 2012 to $43.64 billion. The development was attributed to increased Dutch auction utilisation, national priority projects and external debt service by 27.9, 4.3 and 2.3 per cent, respectively. In addition, $1.00 billion was transferred to the Nigeria Sovereign Investment Authority (NSIA) account during the year for investment.
“Overall, a net inflow of $102.63billion was recorded in 2013, compared with US$81.99 billion in the preceding year. Foreign exchange inflows through the CBN fell by 12. 2 per cent to $41.07 billion in 2013. The inflow from oil exports declined by 13.1 per cent on a year-on-year basis, occasioned by oil theft and pipeline vandalism in the Niger Delta, which affected the oil production and volume of crude oil exported.
“The non-oil component of the inflow through the Bank also declined, by 3.3 per cent, compared with the level in the preceding year. An analysis of the latter showed that wDAS/rDAS purchases and interest earnings on reserves fell by 98.6 and 47.6 per cent, respectively, from the levels in 2012. Other official receipts rose by 29.0 per cent above the level in 2012 to US$2.97 billion, while receipts of $0.99 billion was realized from the issuance of sovereign Eurobond. In contrast, outflows of foreign exchange through the Bank rose by 20.0 per cent to $42.32billion in 2013 driven by the 27.9, 4.3 and 2.3 per cent increases in outflow through wDAS/rDAS utilisation, national priority projects, and external debt payments, respectively. Further analysis showed that wDAS/rDAS and inter-bank sales rose by 33.8 and 136.1per cent, to $25.52billion and US$3.94billion, respectively, reflecting increased demand at the spot segment. The wDAS/rDAS-Forward, swaps, and BDC sales, however, fell by 71.6, 51.1 and 4.3 per cent, respectively, from the levels in 2012. “Other official payments” were 22.2 per cent below the level in 2012 and amounted to US$5.27 billion.
“The decline was driven largely by the 38.9 and 34.1 per cent reduction in miscellaneous outflow and the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation/Joint Venture Cash (NNPC/JVC) calls funding, respectively. Under this category, the NNPC/JVC calls accounted for 64.6 per cent, while miscellaneous outflow was 1.3 per cent of the total. Furthermore, payments to international organizations and embassies, parastatals and for estacode rose by 40.9 and 11.2 per cent, and accounted for 12.3 and 21.8 per cent, respectively, of the “Other Official Payments”. Drawings on L/Cs fell by 23.4 per cent and accounted for 1.0 per cent of total outflows through the CBN. The external debt service and out payments for the national priority projects, however, rose by 2.3 and 4.3 per cent and accounted for 0.7 and 0.2 per cent, respectively, of total outflows through the Bank. Overall, a net outflow of $1.25 billion was recorded through the Bank in 2013, compared with a net inflow of $11.53 billion in the preceding year.
2013 annual report said “Sectoral utilisation of foreign exchange in 2013 rose by 28.8 per cent to $54.2 billion over the level in 2012. Visible trade imports, at $28.1 billion or 51.8 per cent of the total, declined by 2.4 per cent, compared with $28.8 billion in 2012. Out-payments on invisible trade, however, rose by 96.4 per cent to $26.1 billion or 48.2 per cent of the total, compared with $13.3 billion in 2012”.
It further said “Analysis of visible trade imports showed that foreign exchange utilisation for the agricultural, industrial and mineral sub-sectors grew by 23.1, 11.5 and 10.5 per cent to $0.3 billion, US$8.4 billion and US$0.4 billion, respectively, from the levels in 2012. Manufactures, food products, transport and oil sub-sectors, however, declined by 10.3, 7.4, 15.4 and 5.5 per cent to US$4.2 billion, $5.1 billion, $1.5 billion and US$8.2 billion, respectively. Foreign exchange utilisation under invisible imports was driven largely by financial sector services, which accounted for $22.2 billion, representing an increase of 123.3 per cent over the level in 2012. Out-payments for business,
communication, education and transport services rose by 22.2, 31.9, 14.9 and 15.8 per cent to $1.3 billion, $0.5 billion, $0.3 billion and US$1.3 billion, respectively, over the levels in the preceding year.
“Similarly, distribution and other services grew by 13.9 and 11.6 per cent to $0.1 billion and $0.3 billion, respectively, from the levels in 2012. Tourism, construction and engineering related services, and health, however, fell, by 73.4, 22.0 and 11.8 per cent, to $0.02 billion, $0.09 billion and $0.002 billion, respectively, from their
levels
According to the CBN “The IFRS requirement implies that the financial statement of the CBN be consolidated with those of investee entities, namely Nigeria Export-Import Bank, Abuja Securities and Commodities Exchange, Bank of Industry, Bank of Agriculture, Nigeria Inter-bank Settlement System, National Economic Reconstruction Fund, Financial Markets Dealers Quotation, African Finance Corporation and Agricultural Credit Guarantee Fund.
“Thus, the Bank now has full IFRS-compliant financial statements for the years ended 31st December 2013 and 31st December 2014, respectively. Hitherto, the Bank’s financial statements had been prepared under the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) framework. Meanwhile, the adoption of IFRS by the CBN or any central Bank the world over is not without difficulties in view of a number of challenges that include the non-profit-oriented mandates of central banks in their roles of price and financial system stability and economic growth that could be contradicted by the application of some of these IFRS standards, which are for direct profit-motivated commercial entities.
“Another challenge is the statutory constraints on the central banks. This explains why very few central banks have adopted the IFRS. Many of the central banks which claim IFRS adoption did so partially within statutory constraints. The CBN was however able to work around these challenges to conclude a successful adoption of the IFRS. It is worthy of note that the CBN has been able to conclude IFRS adoption within a period of two years as global experience indicated that many of the IFRS adopting central or reserve banks took longer periods of time to conclude IFRS adoption”.
Business
FG earned N2.78trn from Company Income Tax in second quarter 2025—NBS
National Bureau of Statistics has said that Nigeria’s Company Income Tax rose sharply in the second quarter of 2025, hitting N2.78 trillion.
The figure represents a significant 40.27 per cent increase compared to the N1.98 trillion recorded in the first quarter of the year, reflecting both improved tax compliance and stronger corporate performance across key economic sectors.
The NBS report said that domestic company income tax payments accounted for the bulk of the revenue, contributing N2.31 trillion, while offshore collections stood at N469.36 billion during the period under review.
According to the NBS, the financial and insurance sector recorded the highest quarter-on-quarter growth, rising by an astonishing 772.29 per cent, driven by improved profitability among banks, fintechs, and insurance firms following robust half-year earnings.
This, according to NBS, was followed by wholesale and retail trade, as well as motor vehicle repair activities, which grew by 538.38%.
Activities of households as employers also surged by 526.79%, although their overall contribution to total company income tax remained negligible.
On the flip side, some sectors experienced sharp declines in company income tax remittances.
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies dropped by –45.01%, while education, public administration, defence, and compulsory social security recorded declines of –26.61% and –18.17% respectively.
The contraction in these sectors, particularly education and public administration, highlights persistent structural and fiscal challenges confronting government-funded institutions.
In terms of contribution to total tax revenue, financial and insurance activities led with a dominant 44.13%, reflecting the sector’s continuing expansion and strong capital flows.
Manufacturing followed with 15.57%, bolstered by increased production output and improved supply chain activity.
Mining and quarrying ranked third, contributing 9.18%, supported by higher commodity prices and renewed interest in solid mineral development.
At the bottom of the contribution chart were activities of households as employers, which accounted for just 0.01%, as well as activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies, and water supply, sewerage, waste management, and remediation services, each contributing 0.04%. Despite economic headwinds, year-on-year company income tax collection still rose by 12.66% when compared to Q2 2024, underscoring moderate but steady improvement in government revenue mobilisation.
Company income tax collection in the same period of 2024 rose by 150.83 per cent N2.47 trillion. In the first three months of the year, company income tax collection stood at N984.61 billion. According to the report, local payments in the period under review amounted to N1.35 trillion, while foreign CIT payments contributed N1.12 trillion. On a quarter-on-quarter basis, the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sectors exhibited the highest growth rate at 474.50%, followed by financial and insurance activities at 429.76%, and manufacturing at 414.15%.
Business
Lagos govt promises MSMEs continued visibility, market access
Lagos State government has reaffirmed its unwavering commitment to supporting micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) across the state through visibility, capacity building, and market access. Commissioner for Commerce, Cooperatives, Trade, and Investment, Folashade Ambrose-Medebem, made the pledge on Sunday at the closing ceremony of the 2025 Lagos International Trade Fair (LITF). The 38th edition of the event, organised by the Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI), had its theme as “Connecting Business, Creating Value.”
Ms Ambrose-Medebem said every entrepreneur, regardless of scale, deserves an enabling environment to thrive and contribute meaningfully to the state’s economic prosperity. She said the state, through strategic investments in infrastructure, institutional reforms, and continuous engagement with the private sector, was building a Lagos that worked for business. The commissioner added that the state would continue to foster innovation, competitiveness, and sustainability.
“As a government, we remain steadfast in our commitment to making Lagos the preferred destination for commerce and enterprise. This fair has once again demonstrated the power of connection: connection between producers and consumers, investors and innovators, the government and the private sector, and local entrepreneurs and global brands. Every handshake, every conversation, every business card exchanged here is a building block toward the future we are creating, a future of prosperity that leaves no one behind,” she said.
The commissioner urged businesses to continue to connect, collaborate, and create value, saying, “In Lagos, we do not just trade goods; we trade ideas, build futures, and transform lives. “Together, let us continue to make Lagos not just a place of commerce, but a symbol of progress, innovation, and endless opportunity.” Gabriel Idahosa, president of LCCI, urged governments at all levels to continue addressing the issues of creating an enabling environment in the country.Mr Idahosa said focus should be on infrastructure, security, and implementing the right policies to address the key drivers of high inflation.
This, he said, was needed to fully harness the vast enterprising resources of domestic and foreign investors for the diversification of our economy and the welfare of our people. He pledged the commitment of the organised private sector to stand solidly behind the state in its quest to actualise its innovative initiatives on all fronts. NAN
Business
Jumia posts $17.7m pre-tax loss in Q3, down 1% in 12 Months
Jumia Technologies AG posts a $17.7 million loss before income tax in the third quarter of 2025, down 1% year-on-year from $17.8 million in the third quarter of 2024. The road to profitability has remained long as ecommerce continues to face uncertainties, including widening competition with rivals in the same industry. The e-commerce company revenue came in at $45.6 million compared to $36.4 million in the third quarter of 2024, representing a 25% year-over-year surge in the period. The company reported gross merchandise value of $197.2 million compared to $162.9 million in the third quarter of 2024, up 21% year-over-year. Excluding South Africa and Tunisia, physical goods GMV grew 26% year-over-year, Jumia revealed in the unaudited financials.
Jumia said in its report that the GMV growth was driven by supply and strong marketing execution, partially offset by lower corporate sales in Egypt. Excluding corporate sales, GMV in reported currency grew 37% year-over-year. Nigeria’s momentum accelerated, with order growth up 30% and GMV up 43% year-over-year, Jumia said. The e-commerce giant’s operating loss reduced by 13% year-over-year to $17.4 million compared to $20.1 million in the third quarter of 2024. The company’s adjusted earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortisation loss dropped by 17% to $14.0 million compared to $17.0 million in the third quarter of 2024.
Jumia reported a loss before income tax of $17.7 million, a slight reduction of 1% compared to $17.8 million in the third quarter of 2024. Liquidity printed at $82.5 million, a decrease of $15.8 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to an increase of $71.8 million in the third quarter of 2024, which included the net proceeds from the August 2024 At-the-Market (ATM) offering, and a decrease of $12.4 million in the second quarter of 2025.
Its net cash flow used in operating activities settled at $12.4 million compared to net cash flow used in operating activities of $26.8 million in the third quarter of 2024 and $12.7 million used in the second quarter of 2025. The result includes a positive working capital contribution of $0.4 million.
Jumia reported that customers’ orders grew 34% year-over-year, driven by strong execution, enhanced product assortment, and healthy consumer demand across key categories. It said quarterly active customers ordering physical goods grew by 23% year-over-year, highlighting continued engagement and customer loyalty. As of September 30, 2025, the Company’s liquidity position was $82.5 million, comprised of $81.5 million in cash and cash equivalents and $1.0 million in term deposits and other financial assets, it said in the report Jumia’s liquidity position decreased by $15.8 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to an increase of $71.8 million in the third quarter of 2024, which included net proceeds from the August 2024 At-the-Market (ATM) offering, and a decrease of $12.4 million in the second quarter of 2025.
Net cash used in operating activities was $12.4 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to a net cash used of $26.8 million in the third quarter of 2024 and $12.7 million used in the second quarter of 2025. The result includes a positive working capital contribution of $0.4 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to a negative working capital contribution of $9.1 million in the third quarter of 2024, primarily reflecting improvements in operating performance.
In addition, the Company reported $1.4 million in capital expenditures in the third quarter of 2025, compared to $0.9 million in the third quarter of 2024, primarily reflecting investments in infrastructure and facility enhancements to support business growth. “This quarter marks a significant acceleration in customer demand and order growth, driven by strong execution across our markets and growing consumer trust in the Jumia brand. We believe Jumia has reached an inflection point as our compelling value proposition, and improved operational discipline position us for sustainable, profitable growth.
“We continue to strengthen our cost structure and sharpen operational discipline, reinforcing our path toward profitability. Our focus remains on execution and customer engagement as we build a more efficient business.
“We believe that we are on track to reach breakeven on a Loss before Income tax basis in Q4 2026 and achieve full-year profitability in 2027, positioning Jumia for long-term growth and value creation.”
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