Business
ECOWAS businessmen seek court on trade disputes
By Omoh Gabriel
Businessmen and traders of member states of the Economic Community of West Africa States worried by lack of sanctity of contract and respect for the protocol of the community are seeking legal option to settle trade and related dispute among members. They are in agreement that an ECOWAS Court of Justice is a potential forum for the adjudication of trade related regional instruments and are of the view that there is need for advocacy towards the expansion of the jurisdiction of the ECOWAS Court of Justice hitherto limited to human rights to cover trade related issues as part of economic rights.
At a two day public-private sector dialogue on Nigeria/ECOWAS trade litigation group organized by the Association of Nigerian Traders in collaboration with the EU and German International Cooperation meeting, it was agreed that stakeholders should advocate the amendment of the ECOWAS Treaty to allow for suprantionality of the body as obtained in the UEMOA system.
According to a communiqué issued after the meeting and signed by Ken UKAOHA, Esq, Secretariat President, National Association of Nigerian Traders, the body agreed that similarly, advocacy should be geared towards persuading member states to domesticate ECOWAS instruments in countries where domestication applies.
Ukaoh said: “This Public-Private Sector dialogue was organised by NANTS with support from the European Union and the German International Cooperation (GIZ) under the Strengthening Nigeria’s Trade Support Institutions (SNTSi) Programme.
The dialogue was convened to examine avenues towards promoting redress for traders and other business actors in cases of violation of ECOWAS Treaty and Protocols relating to freedom of movement, rights of residence and establishment within the region.
“Specifically, the event focused on identifying possible strategies towards the expansion of the jurisdiction of the ECOWAS Court of Justice to cover issues relating to infraction of regional instruments regarding trade and other forms of business activities, especially the possibility of using strategic litigation in this regard. The event also explored strategies towards advocating for political action on the part of member States with a view to amending the Protocol setting up the ECOWAS Court of Justice.
“Participants were drawn from various stakeholder groups cutting across the relevant MDAs, regional institutions, private sector, cross border traders, legal profession, law students, media, etc.
“The two-day event had presentations from various experts which focused on the practical experiences and issues that call for litigation along the ECOWAS border routes, the possible legal avenues for cross border business operators to obtain legal redress in cases of infraction of regional instruments and the limitations of these avenues, proposals for addressing the challenges, etc.
Presentations were followed by lively debates among participants which brought to the fore, some experiences and frustrations from the field, intricacies of the jurisdiction of the ECOWAS Court of Justice, legal postulations on the applicability/enforceability of ECOWAS legal instruments in the Nigerian courts, etc.”
At the end of the two-day event, participants arrived at some conclusions and resolved as follows: “That the free movement of persons, goods, services and capital within the region is fundamental to the realisation of collective prosperity within the region, therefore, national governments must take all necessary actions towards complying with the regional instruments aimed at achieving a common economic space within the region.
That the current lack of enforcement of regional instruments by the member States occasion untold hardship for the community citizens who derive their livelihood from cross border business activities, hence the need for alternative strategies of enforcement.” The communiqué said: “Since the domestic courts of member states are incompetent to adjudicate on contraventions of regional instruments, there is need to have an effective regional platform for the adjudication of those infractions/infringements.”
It further said “that Non-State Actors should explore the option of Strategic Litigation by bringing cases before the ECOWAS Court of Justice that seek to test the extent of the human rights jurisdiction of the Court, especially since some of the trade related infractions have human rights undertone”. Nigeria, the traders’ body said, “needs to play a more proactive role in shaping the regional integration agenda especially by complying with regional instruments and using its political and economic weight to ensure that other countries do the same.
Stakeholders, they argued “should liaise with and seek collaboration of public interest lawyers to initiate cases at the ECOWAS Court of Justice on possible pro bono basis and that they should also explore advocacy towards the establishment of specialised courts with trade law competence to adjudicate over trade related issues (such as customs valuation, certification, etc) at the national levels.
That there is need to widen the conversation to include all those working on the rule of law and regional integration, as well as members of the judiciary and political leaders at the national and regional levels. That the identified gaps in trade litigation should be brought to the notice of the relevant Community Institutions and member States as a way of advocating for the necessary legal changes.
They also said that “business actors and law enforcement agencies who ply their trade across the borders should be continuously sensitised through workshops, seminars, publications and road shows about ECOWAS as well as the rules and procedures for transacting business within the region, including products that are contraband”.
More over they said “there is need to establish a mechanism to collate complaints from the business community on the infractions of regional instruments as it concerns them. This could be done through the various market traders associations. Also Nigerian traders in other countries should form or register with National Association of Nigerian Traders in those countries as a platform for obtaining information and seeking redress where the need arises.
They said: “Government should develop a conscious policy towards integrating international trade law into the curriculum of Nigerian Universities as a way of developing more domestic capacity in trade law, while also recognizing the role of trade lawyers in government institutions”.
On the CET, they said that “the national authority responsible (Federal Ministry of Finance) should enact the CET into a national tariff regulation to allow for smooth implementation as this may contribute to reducing debates and entanglements associated with the ratification or otherwise of the CET”.
Business
FG earned N2.78trn from Company Income Tax in second quarter 2025—NBS
National Bureau of Statistics has said that Nigeria’s Company Income Tax rose sharply in the second quarter of 2025, hitting N2.78 trillion.
The figure represents a significant 40.27 per cent increase compared to the N1.98 trillion recorded in the first quarter of the year, reflecting both improved tax compliance and stronger corporate performance across key economic sectors.
The NBS report said that domestic company income tax payments accounted for the bulk of the revenue, contributing N2.31 trillion, while offshore collections stood at N469.36 billion during the period under review.
According to the NBS, the financial and insurance sector recorded the highest quarter-on-quarter growth, rising by an astonishing 772.29 per cent, driven by improved profitability among banks, fintechs, and insurance firms following robust half-year earnings.
This, according to NBS, was followed by wholesale and retail trade, as well as motor vehicle repair activities, which grew by 538.38%.
Activities of households as employers also surged by 526.79%, although their overall contribution to total company income tax remained negligible.
On the flip side, some sectors experienced sharp declines in company income tax remittances.
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies dropped by –45.01%, while education, public administration, defence, and compulsory social security recorded declines of –26.61% and –18.17% respectively.
The contraction in these sectors, particularly education and public administration, highlights persistent structural and fiscal challenges confronting government-funded institutions.
In terms of contribution to total tax revenue, financial and insurance activities led with a dominant 44.13%, reflecting the sector’s continuing expansion and strong capital flows.
Manufacturing followed with 15.57%, bolstered by increased production output and improved supply chain activity.
Mining and quarrying ranked third, contributing 9.18%, supported by higher commodity prices and renewed interest in solid mineral development.
At the bottom of the contribution chart were activities of households as employers, which accounted for just 0.01%, as well as activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies, and water supply, sewerage, waste management, and remediation services, each contributing 0.04%. Despite economic headwinds, year-on-year company income tax collection still rose by 12.66% when compared to Q2 2024, underscoring moderate but steady improvement in government revenue mobilisation.
Company income tax collection in the same period of 2024 rose by 150.83 per cent N2.47 trillion. In the first three months of the year, company income tax collection stood at N984.61 billion. According to the report, local payments in the period under review amounted to N1.35 trillion, while foreign CIT payments contributed N1.12 trillion. On a quarter-on-quarter basis, the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sectors exhibited the highest growth rate at 474.50%, followed by financial and insurance activities at 429.76%, and manufacturing at 414.15%.
Business
Lagos govt promises MSMEs continued visibility, market access
Lagos State government has reaffirmed its unwavering commitment to supporting micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) across the state through visibility, capacity building, and market access. Commissioner for Commerce, Cooperatives, Trade, and Investment, Folashade Ambrose-Medebem, made the pledge on Sunday at the closing ceremony of the 2025 Lagos International Trade Fair (LITF). The 38th edition of the event, organised by the Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI), had its theme as “Connecting Business, Creating Value.”
Ms Ambrose-Medebem said every entrepreneur, regardless of scale, deserves an enabling environment to thrive and contribute meaningfully to the state’s economic prosperity. She said the state, through strategic investments in infrastructure, institutional reforms, and continuous engagement with the private sector, was building a Lagos that worked for business. The commissioner added that the state would continue to foster innovation, competitiveness, and sustainability.
“As a government, we remain steadfast in our commitment to making Lagos the preferred destination for commerce and enterprise. This fair has once again demonstrated the power of connection: connection between producers and consumers, investors and innovators, the government and the private sector, and local entrepreneurs and global brands. Every handshake, every conversation, every business card exchanged here is a building block toward the future we are creating, a future of prosperity that leaves no one behind,” she said.
The commissioner urged businesses to continue to connect, collaborate, and create value, saying, “In Lagos, we do not just trade goods; we trade ideas, build futures, and transform lives. “Together, let us continue to make Lagos not just a place of commerce, but a symbol of progress, innovation, and endless opportunity.” Gabriel Idahosa, president of LCCI, urged governments at all levels to continue addressing the issues of creating an enabling environment in the country.Mr Idahosa said focus should be on infrastructure, security, and implementing the right policies to address the key drivers of high inflation.
This, he said, was needed to fully harness the vast enterprising resources of domestic and foreign investors for the diversification of our economy and the welfare of our people. He pledged the commitment of the organised private sector to stand solidly behind the state in its quest to actualise its innovative initiatives on all fronts. NAN
Business
Jumia posts $17.7m pre-tax loss in Q3, down 1% in 12 Months
Jumia Technologies AG posts a $17.7 million loss before income tax in the third quarter of 2025, down 1% year-on-year from $17.8 million in the third quarter of 2024. The road to profitability has remained long as ecommerce continues to face uncertainties, including widening competition with rivals in the same industry. The e-commerce company revenue came in at $45.6 million compared to $36.4 million in the third quarter of 2024, representing a 25% year-over-year surge in the period. The company reported gross merchandise value of $197.2 million compared to $162.9 million in the third quarter of 2024, up 21% year-over-year. Excluding South Africa and Tunisia, physical goods GMV grew 26% year-over-year, Jumia revealed in the unaudited financials.
Jumia said in its report that the GMV growth was driven by supply and strong marketing execution, partially offset by lower corporate sales in Egypt. Excluding corporate sales, GMV in reported currency grew 37% year-over-year. Nigeria’s momentum accelerated, with order growth up 30% and GMV up 43% year-over-year, Jumia said. The e-commerce giant’s operating loss reduced by 13% year-over-year to $17.4 million compared to $20.1 million in the third quarter of 2024. The company’s adjusted earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortisation loss dropped by 17% to $14.0 million compared to $17.0 million in the third quarter of 2024.
Jumia reported a loss before income tax of $17.7 million, a slight reduction of 1% compared to $17.8 million in the third quarter of 2024. Liquidity printed at $82.5 million, a decrease of $15.8 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to an increase of $71.8 million in the third quarter of 2024, which included the net proceeds from the August 2024 At-the-Market (ATM) offering, and a decrease of $12.4 million in the second quarter of 2025.
Its net cash flow used in operating activities settled at $12.4 million compared to net cash flow used in operating activities of $26.8 million in the third quarter of 2024 and $12.7 million used in the second quarter of 2025. The result includes a positive working capital contribution of $0.4 million.
Jumia reported that customers’ orders grew 34% year-over-year, driven by strong execution, enhanced product assortment, and healthy consumer demand across key categories. It said quarterly active customers ordering physical goods grew by 23% year-over-year, highlighting continued engagement and customer loyalty. As of September 30, 2025, the Company’s liquidity position was $82.5 million, comprised of $81.5 million in cash and cash equivalents and $1.0 million in term deposits and other financial assets, it said in the report Jumia’s liquidity position decreased by $15.8 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to an increase of $71.8 million in the third quarter of 2024, which included net proceeds from the August 2024 At-the-Market (ATM) offering, and a decrease of $12.4 million in the second quarter of 2025.
Net cash used in operating activities was $12.4 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to a net cash used of $26.8 million in the third quarter of 2024 and $12.7 million used in the second quarter of 2025. The result includes a positive working capital contribution of $0.4 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to a negative working capital contribution of $9.1 million in the third quarter of 2024, primarily reflecting improvements in operating performance.
In addition, the Company reported $1.4 million in capital expenditures in the third quarter of 2025, compared to $0.9 million in the third quarter of 2024, primarily reflecting investments in infrastructure and facility enhancements to support business growth. “This quarter marks a significant acceleration in customer demand and order growth, driven by strong execution across our markets and growing consumer trust in the Jumia brand. We believe Jumia has reached an inflection point as our compelling value proposition, and improved operational discipline position us for sustainable, profitable growth.
“We continue to strengthen our cost structure and sharpen operational discipline, reinforcing our path toward profitability. Our focus remains on execution and customer engagement as we build a more efficient business.
“We believe that we are on track to reach breakeven on a Loss before Income tax basis in Q4 2026 and achieve full-year profitability in 2027, positioning Jumia for long-term growth and value creation.”
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