Finance
CBN sets guideline for loan approval limit for board, credit committee, MD and others
By Omoh Gabriel, Business Editor
It is now mandatory for banks operating in the country to disclose in their report the credit approval limits of the board, board credit committee, management credit committee, managing Director, Group Heads, Corporate and retail banking. The new arrangement to be followed strictly by banks is that credit approval by the Board is from N 101 million and above; Board Credit Committee are now limited to grant approval of between N 51 million ‚Äì N 100 million, Management Credit Committee are limited to credit approval ranging from N 26 million ‚Äì N 50 million, Managing Director from N 11 million ‚Äì N 25 million while Group Head, Corporate, Retail are left at approval levels of N 5 million – N 10 million.
According to the CBN “Approval limits are to be set by the Board of Directors and reviewed from time to time as the circumstances of the Group demand. Exposure to credit risk is also to be managed by banks through regular analysis of the ability of borrowers and potential borrowers to meet interest and capital repayment obligations and by changing these lending limits where appropriate.
Some other specific control and mitigation measures are outlined by the CBN include the policy measure that all loan facilities granted by any of the banks should have been secured against Mortgages over residential properties; Charges over business assets such as premises, inventory and accounts receivable; Charges over financial instruments such as debt securities and equities.
The banks are to henceforth structures the levels of credit risk they undertake by placing limits on the amount of risk accepted in relation to one borrower, or groups of borrowers (single obligor limits), and to geographical and industry segments. Such risks are to be monitored on a revolving basis and subject to an annual or more frequent review, when considered necessary.
Limits on the level of credit risk by product, industry sector and by country are to be approved quarterly by the Board of Directors. The exposure to any one borrower including banks and brokers is further restricted by sub-limits covering on- and off-balance sheet exposures, and daily delivery risk limits in relation to trading items such as forward foreign exchange contracts. Actual exposures against limits are monitored daily.
According to Samuel A Oni Director Banking Supervision in a circular titled “Minimum Information to be disclosed in financial statements for the year ended December 31,2009 “These new measures are to enhance transparency and ensure standardisation in financial reporting by banks and discount houses, the CBN has developed guidelines on the minimum information to be disclosed by banks and discount houses in annual financial statements. Banks and discount houses are, therefore, required to adopt the new reporting format and ensure that published annual financial statements contain this information at the minimum, with immediate effect.
Also to be contained in the new minimum requirement of published accounts of banks is the inclusion that “The Bank was incorporated in Nigeria under the Companies and Allied Matters Act 1990 as a
private limited liability company on 28 May 1998. It was granted license on the 15 November
2001 to carry on the business of commercial banking and commenced business on 1 January
2002. The Bank was converted into a Public Limited Liability Company on 1 April 2002. The
Bank’s shares were listed on the 25 June 2002 on the floor of the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The principal activity of the Bank is the provision of banking and other financial services to corporate and individual customers. Such services include granting of loans and advances, corporate finance and money market activities. Its major subsidiaries carry on capital market, insurance and trusteeship businesses”.
Also being required of banks to disclose is the number of its subsidiaries, their identities etc. Also to be stated is the Corporate governance in place in line with the CBN code of Corporate governance as minimum disclosure.
It is also now required that all “Unrealised gains on transactions between the bank and its associates are eliminated to the extent of the bank’s interest in the associates. Unrealised losses are also to be eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Banks are to reflect in their report that Claims paid represent all payments made during the year, whether arising from events during that or earlier years. Outstanding claims should represent the estimated ultimate cost of settling all claims arising from incidents occurring prior to the balance sheet date, but not settled at that date. Outstanding claims are to be computed on the basis of the best information available at the time the records for the year are closed, and include provisions for claims incurred but not reported (“IBNR”). Provisions for unexpired risks are the estimated amounts required over and above provisions for unearned premiums to meet future claims and related expenses on businesses in force at the end of the accounting period
The apex bank directive also required that Interest receivables, from customers, where not debited to customers and material should be included in reported credit (if material and identifiable) while Interest received in advance (e.g. discount on Bills) from customers where already debited to customers but not yet earned, should be deducted from report credit (if material and identifiable). The directive stated that cash collateral against advances, if material and identifiable, should be disclosed separately
All the subsidiary companies were incorporated in Nigeria.
Include the reasons why the ownership, directly or indirectly through subsidiaries, of more than half of
the voting or potential voting power of an invester does not constitute control
Include commitment for minimum lease payments with a term in excess of one year Disclose any significant financing restrictions renewal or purchase options, contingent rentals and other
contingencies arising from leases, if applicable
Finance
Afreximbank successfully closed its second Samurai Bond transactions, raising JPY 81.8bn or $527m
African Export-Import Bank said it has successfully closed its second Samurai bond transaction, securing a total of JPY 81.8 billion (approx. USD 527 million) through Regular and Retail Samurai Bonds offerings.
The execution surpasses the Bank’s 2024 debut issuance size, attracting orders from more than 100 institutional and retail investors, marking a renewed demonstration of strong Japanese investor confidence in the Bank’s credit and its growing presence in the yen capital markets.
On 18 November, Afreximbank priced a JPY 45.8 billion 3-year tranche in the Regular Samurai market following a comprehensive sequence of investor engagement activities leveraging Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD9), including Non-Deal Roadshows (NDRs) in Tokyo, Kanazawa, Kyoto, Shiga and Osaka, a Global Investor Call, and a two-day soft-sounding process which tested investor appetite across 2.5-, 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year maturities.
With market expectations of a Bank of Japan interest rate increase, investor demand concentrated in shorter tenors, resulting in a focused 3-year tranche during official marketing.
The tranche attracted strong participation from asset managers (22.3%), life insurers (15.3%), regional corporates, and high-net-worth investors (39.7%).
Concurrently, Afreximbank priced its second Retail Samurai bond on 18 November, a JPY 36.0 billion 3-year tranche, more than double the inaugural JPY 14.1 billion Retail Samurai issuance completed in November 2024.
The 2025 Retail Samurai bond also marks the first Retail Samurai bond issued in Japan in 2025.
Following the amendment to Afreximbank’s shelf registration on 7 November 2025, SMBC Nikko conducted an extensive seven-business-day demand survey through its nationwide branch network, followed by a six-business-day bond offering period.
The offering benefited from strong visibility supported by Afreximbank’s investor engagement across the country, including the Bank’s participation at TICAD9, where Afreximbank hosted the Africa Finance Seminar to introduce Multinational Development Bank’s mandate in Africa and its credit profile to key Japanese institutional investors.
MBC Nikko Securities Inc. acted as Sole Lead Manager and Bookrunner for both the Regular and Retail Samurai transactions. Chandi Mwenebungu, Afreximbank’s Managing Director, Treasury & Markets and Group Treasurer, commented:
“We are pleased with the successful completion of our second Samurai bond transactions, which marked a significant increase from our inaugural Retail Samurai bond in 2024, and which reflect the growing depth of our relationship with Japanese investors.
The strong demand, both in the Regular and Retail offerings, demonstrates sustained confidence in Afreximbank’s credit and mandate.
We remain committed to deepening our engagement in the Samurai market through regular investor activities and continued collaboration with our Japanese partners.”
Finance
Ecobank unveils SME bazaar: a festive marketplace for local entrepreneurs
Ecobank Nigeria, a member of Africa’s leading pan-African banking group, has announced the launch of the Ecobank SME Bazaar—a two-weekend festive marketplace designed to celebrate local creativity, empower entrepreneurs, and give Lagos residents a premium shopping experience this Detty December. The Bazaar will hold on 29–30 November and 6–7 December at the Ecobank Pan African Centre (EPAC), Ozumba Mbadiwe Road, Victoria Island, Lagos. Speaking ahead of the event, Omoboye Odu, Head of SMEs, Ecobank Nigeria, reaffirmed the bank’s commitment to supporting small and medium-sized businesses, describing them as the heartbeat of Nigeria’s economy. She explained that the Ecobank SME Bazaar was created to enhance visibility for entrepreneurs, expand market access, and support sustainable business growth.
According to her, “This isn’t just a market—it’s a vibrant hub of culture, commerce, and connection. From fresh farm produce to trendy fashion, handcrafted pieces, lifestyle products, and delicious food and drinks, the Ecobank SME Bazaar promises an unforgettable experience for both shoppers and participating SMEs. Whether you’re shopping for festive gifts, hunting for unique finds, or soaking in the Detty December energy, this is the place to be.” Ms. Odu added that participating businesses will enjoy increased brand exposure, deeper customer engagement, and meaningful networking opportunities—making the Bazaar a strong platform for both festive-season sales and long-term business growth. The event is powered by Ecobank in partnership with TKD Farms, Eko Marche, Leyyow, and other SME-focused organisations committed to building sustainable enterprises.
Finance
16 banks have recapitalised before deadline—CBN
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has said that16 banks have so far met the new capital requirements for their various licences, some four months before the March 31, 2026 deadline. The apex bank also indicated that 27 other banks have raised capital through various methods in one of the most extensive financial sector reforms since 2004. Addressing journalists at the end of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting in Abuja, CBN Governor Mr Olayemi Cardoso said the banking recapitalisation was going on orderly, consistent with the regulator’s expectations. He said, “We are monitoring developments, and indications show the process is moving in the right direction.” Nigeria has 44 deposit-taking banks, including seven commercial banks with international authorisation, 15 with national authorisation, four with regional authorisation, four non-interest banks, six merchant banks, seven financial holding companies and one representative office.
Cardoso explained that eight commercial banks had met the N500 billion capital requirement as of July 22, 2024, rising to 14 by September of the same year. The number has now increased to 16 as the industry continues to race toward full compliance. He said that the reforms would reinforce the resilience of Nigerian banks both within the country and across the continent. “We are building a financial system that will be fit for purpose for the years ahead. Many Nigerian banks now operate across Africa and have been innovative across different markets. These new buffers will better equip them to manage risks in the multiple jurisdictions where they operate,” Cardoso said. According to him, the reforms would strengthen the financial sector’s capability to support households and businesses. He said, “Ultimately, this benefits Nigerians—our traders, our businesses and our citizens—who operate across those regions. “It should give everyone comfort to know that Nigerian banks with deep local understanding are present to support them. Commercial banks are also creating their own buffers through the ongoing recapitalisation.”
He added that the apex bank considered several factors in determining the new capital thresholds, including prevailing macroeconomic conditions, stress test results and the need for stronger risk buffers. He reassured on the regulator’s commitment to strict oversight as the consolidation progresses. “We will rigorously enforce our ‘fit and proper’ criteria for prospective new shareholders, senior management, and board members of banks, and proactively monitor the integrity of financial statements, adequacy of financial resources, and fair valuation of banks’ post-merger balance sheets,” Cardoso said. He said the CBN remained confident that the banking system would emerge stronger at the conclusion of the recapitalization exercise, with institutions better prepared to support Nigeria’s economic transformation Banks have up till March 31, 2026 to beef up their minimum capital base to the new standard set by the apex bank. Under the new minimum capital base, CBN uses a distinctive definition of the new minimum capital base for each category of banks as the addition of share capital and share premium, as against the previous use of shareholders’ funds.
While most banks have shareholders’ funds in excess of the new minimum capital base, their share premium and share capital significantly fall short of the new minimum definition. The CBN had in March 2024 released its circular on review of minimum capital requirement for commercial, merchant and non-interest banks. The apex bank increased the new minimum capital for commercial banks with international affiliations, otherwise known as mega banks, to N500 billion; commercial banks with national authorisation, N200 billion and commercial banks with regional license, N50 billion. Others included merchant banks, N50 billion; non-interest banks with national license, N20 billion and non-interest banks with regional license will now have N10 billion minimum capital. The 24-month timeline for compliance ends on March 31, 2026. Under the guidelines for the recapitalisation exercise, banks are expected to subject their new equity funds to capital verification before the clearance of the allotment proposal and release of the funds to the bank for onwards completion of the offer process and addition of the new capital to its capital base. The CBN is the final signatory in a tripartite capital verification committee that included the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC). The committee is saddled with scrutinising new funds being raised by banks under the ongoing banking sector recapitalisation exercise.
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