Business
CBN revs up forex intervention to save naira in interbank market
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) last week stepped up its intervention in the foreign exchange market in order halt the depreciation of the naira in the interbank market.
Vanguard investigations revealed that in addition to foreign exchange sold through the bi-weekly Retail Dutch Auction System (RDAS) sessions on Monday and Wednesday, the apex bank conducted special foreign exchange sales on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. The intervention followed sharp increase in foreign exchange demand which caused the naira to depreciate to N165.5 per dollar at the interbank market.
The previous week, the naira depreciated by 75 kobo due to demand pressure caused by anxiety over falling crude oil prices. This persisted till Monday last week, leading to 129 percent increase in demand at the RDAS session on Monday. Failure of the CBN to meet the increased demand worsened the situation in the interbank market; hence the interbank exchange rate rose to N165.55 per dollar at the close of business on Tuesday. Though the apex bank sold intervention foreign exchange on Tuesday, it decided to repeat the intervention on Wednesday and Thursday to reverse the depreciation of the naira.
This caused the naira to appreciate steadily in the interbank market from Wednesday till the close of business on Friday. Data from the Financial Market Dealers Quote (FMDQ) show that the interbank market exchange rate dropped from N165.5 on Tuesday to close the week at N164.6 per dollar.
Reflecting the apex bank’s frantic efforts to save the naira, foreign exchange sales at the RDAS sessions for the week rose by 43 percent to $999.88 million from N699.94 million the previous week. Consequently the apex bank has sold $2.1 billion this month and N28.2 billion this year through the RDAS sessions.
External reserves down by $290m
On the other side, the nation’s external reserve dropped by another $290 million last week to $39,063 billion from $39.353 billion the previous week. Consequently the external reserve has fallen by $458 million from $39.521 million at the end of September.
The persistent decline in the external reserves as well as increased foreign exchange demand are due to response of foreign portfolio investors to the sharp fall in crude oil price in recent times. Vanguard was reliably informed that much of the increased demand for foreign exchange is occasioned by foreign portfolio investors divesting from the country. Rather than roll-over matured investments, the foreigners, it was gathered, are taking out their money, due to uncertainty over impact of the falling crude oil prices on the nation’s external reserves and the exchange rate of the naira.
Market liquidity falls to N389bn
Excess liquidity in the interbank money market fell by 10 percent last week to N389.37 billion from N431.67 billion.
The decline revealed the impact of the huge outflow from the market to fund foreign exchange purchased at the RDAS session. The CBN also sold treasury bills to mop up inflow from payment of treasury bills that matured during the week.
Analysis of treasury bills (TBs) sales for the week revealed that demand fell by 5.1 percent while the amount sold rose by 8.4 percent.
Unlike the previous week when it offered N120 billion worth of OMO (re-issued) TBs, the CBN last week offered N96.27 billion worth of primary market (fresh) TBs, apparently to mop-up N96.27 billion worth of primary market TBs that matured last week. On the other hand, demand rose to N201.97 billion from N212.94 billion the previous week. The CBN allotted N96.27 billion, hence N105.7 billion returned to the market as excess liquidity.
AMCON N866.73 bn bond matures this week
Meanwhile, the N866.73 billion Asset Management Corporation (AMCON) bonds would mature Friday this week as expected, with focus on its impact on level of liquidity in the interbank money market. The bonds are the third tranche of AMCON bonds held by private investors.
AMCON’s spokesman, Mr. Kayode Lambo confirmed to Vaguard that the debt instruments would mature on Friday October 31st and it would be redeemed using a combination of treasury bills and cash depending on what the request of the bondholders.
Vanguard investigation revealed that in anticipation of the impact of the redemption of the bonds on interbank liquidity, the CBN, has been holding meetings with bank treasurers to discuss how to ensure the redemption of the bonds does not aggravate the problem of excess liquidity in the market. According to an industry source, who had knowledge of the meetings, “various options and scenarios were considered, and the consensus was that the bonds should be redeemed using a combination of cash and treasury bills. It was also agreed that the treasury bills would be tradable in the secondary market, so that banks can use them to raise enhance their liquidity situation as whenever the occasion arise.”
Biometric Verification Number now condition for bank loans
Last week, the CBN moved to accelerate the enrolment of bank customers for the Biometric Verification Numbers (BVN). In a circular to all banks, signed by Mr. Dipo Fatokun, Director, Banking and Payment System Department, the apex bank said that the BVN would now be part of conditions for customers to access loans from their banks.
“All new loans must have the BVN as a condition precedent to drawdown, with effect from November 3rd 2014”, the CBN said.
In addition, the CBN gave banks till March 31st 2015 to enrol 70 percent of their customers for the BVN.
The circular, titled, “Clarification circular on Bank Verification Number (BVN) Enrolment”, stated, “As part of the overall strategy of ensuring the effectiveness of Know Your Customer (KYC) principles, the BVN gives each bank customer, a unique identity across the Nigerian Banking industry.
The CBN has observed that Deposit Money Banks are making steady progress towards the enrolment of their customers. However, the attention of the CBN has been drawn on the need to clarify certain grey areas in the process of enrolment of the customers on BVN.
It is therefore necessary for the Bank to issue the under-listed clarifications for stakeholders to note and implement:
Where an existing customer wishes to register the BVN with his/her bank, capturing his signature and photo identification document may not be necessary, as the bank is expected to have those records during account opening.
Where an existing customer wishes to do a change of name after his/her enrolment on the BVN, due diligence should be exercised and appropriate legal documents obtained, before the change is effected
In order to fast-track the enrolment process: DMBs are expected to give attention to enrolment of their customers; All DMBs are required to enrol at least, 40 percent of their customers on or before 31st December 2014, and 70 percent on or before 30th March 2015; All DMBs are required to fully integrate their core banking system, latest by 31st October 2014, to ease the enrolment process; All new loans must have the BVN as condition precedent to drawdown, with effect from 3rd November 2014; All credit customers must have BVNs by 31st December 2014; The Central Bank of Nigeria will monitor compliance”.
Business
FG earned N2.78trn from Company Income Tax in second quarter 2025—NBS
National Bureau of Statistics has said that Nigeria’s Company Income Tax rose sharply in the second quarter of 2025, hitting N2.78 trillion.
The figure represents a significant 40.27 per cent increase compared to the N1.98 trillion recorded in the first quarter of the year, reflecting both improved tax compliance and stronger corporate performance across key economic sectors.
The NBS report said that domestic company income tax payments accounted for the bulk of the revenue, contributing N2.31 trillion, while offshore collections stood at N469.36 billion during the period under review.
According to the NBS, the financial and insurance sector recorded the highest quarter-on-quarter growth, rising by an astonishing 772.29 per cent, driven by improved profitability among banks, fintechs, and insurance firms following robust half-year earnings.
This, according to NBS, was followed by wholesale and retail trade, as well as motor vehicle repair activities, which grew by 538.38%.
Activities of households as employers also surged by 526.79%, although their overall contribution to total company income tax remained negligible.
On the flip side, some sectors experienced sharp declines in company income tax remittances.
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies dropped by –45.01%, while education, public administration, defence, and compulsory social security recorded declines of –26.61% and –18.17% respectively.
The contraction in these sectors, particularly education and public administration, highlights persistent structural and fiscal challenges confronting government-funded institutions.
In terms of contribution to total tax revenue, financial and insurance activities led with a dominant 44.13%, reflecting the sector’s continuing expansion and strong capital flows.
Manufacturing followed with 15.57%, bolstered by increased production output and improved supply chain activity.
Mining and quarrying ranked third, contributing 9.18%, supported by higher commodity prices and renewed interest in solid mineral development.
At the bottom of the contribution chart were activities of households as employers, which accounted for just 0.01%, as well as activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies, and water supply, sewerage, waste management, and remediation services, each contributing 0.04%. Despite economic headwinds, year-on-year company income tax collection still rose by 12.66% when compared to Q2 2024, underscoring moderate but steady improvement in government revenue mobilisation.
Company income tax collection in the same period of 2024 rose by 150.83 per cent N2.47 trillion. In the first three months of the year, company income tax collection stood at N984.61 billion. According to the report, local payments in the period under review amounted to N1.35 trillion, while foreign CIT payments contributed N1.12 trillion. On a quarter-on-quarter basis, the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sectors exhibited the highest growth rate at 474.50%, followed by financial and insurance activities at 429.76%, and manufacturing at 414.15%.
Business
Lagos govt promises MSMEs continued visibility, market access
Lagos State government has reaffirmed its unwavering commitment to supporting micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) across the state through visibility, capacity building, and market access. Commissioner for Commerce, Cooperatives, Trade, and Investment, Folashade Ambrose-Medebem, made the pledge on Sunday at the closing ceremony of the 2025 Lagos International Trade Fair (LITF). The 38th edition of the event, organised by the Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI), had its theme as “Connecting Business, Creating Value.”
Ms Ambrose-Medebem said every entrepreneur, regardless of scale, deserves an enabling environment to thrive and contribute meaningfully to the state’s economic prosperity. She said the state, through strategic investments in infrastructure, institutional reforms, and continuous engagement with the private sector, was building a Lagos that worked for business. The commissioner added that the state would continue to foster innovation, competitiveness, and sustainability.
“As a government, we remain steadfast in our commitment to making Lagos the preferred destination for commerce and enterprise. This fair has once again demonstrated the power of connection: connection between producers and consumers, investors and innovators, the government and the private sector, and local entrepreneurs and global brands. Every handshake, every conversation, every business card exchanged here is a building block toward the future we are creating, a future of prosperity that leaves no one behind,” she said.
The commissioner urged businesses to continue to connect, collaborate, and create value, saying, “In Lagos, we do not just trade goods; we trade ideas, build futures, and transform lives. “Together, let us continue to make Lagos not just a place of commerce, but a symbol of progress, innovation, and endless opportunity.” Gabriel Idahosa, president of LCCI, urged governments at all levels to continue addressing the issues of creating an enabling environment in the country.Mr Idahosa said focus should be on infrastructure, security, and implementing the right policies to address the key drivers of high inflation.
This, he said, was needed to fully harness the vast enterprising resources of domestic and foreign investors for the diversification of our economy and the welfare of our people. He pledged the commitment of the organised private sector to stand solidly behind the state in its quest to actualise its innovative initiatives on all fronts. NAN
Business
Jumia posts $17.7m pre-tax loss in Q3, down 1% in 12 Months
Jumia Technologies AG posts a $17.7 million loss before income tax in the third quarter of 2025, down 1% year-on-year from $17.8 million in the third quarter of 2024. The road to profitability has remained long as ecommerce continues to face uncertainties, including widening competition with rivals in the same industry. The e-commerce company revenue came in at $45.6 million compared to $36.4 million in the third quarter of 2024, representing a 25% year-over-year surge in the period. The company reported gross merchandise value of $197.2 million compared to $162.9 million in the third quarter of 2024, up 21% year-over-year. Excluding South Africa and Tunisia, physical goods GMV grew 26% year-over-year, Jumia revealed in the unaudited financials.
Jumia said in its report that the GMV growth was driven by supply and strong marketing execution, partially offset by lower corporate sales in Egypt. Excluding corporate sales, GMV in reported currency grew 37% year-over-year. Nigeria’s momentum accelerated, with order growth up 30% and GMV up 43% year-over-year, Jumia said. The e-commerce giant’s operating loss reduced by 13% year-over-year to $17.4 million compared to $20.1 million in the third quarter of 2024. The company’s adjusted earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortisation loss dropped by 17% to $14.0 million compared to $17.0 million in the third quarter of 2024.
Jumia reported a loss before income tax of $17.7 million, a slight reduction of 1% compared to $17.8 million in the third quarter of 2024. Liquidity printed at $82.5 million, a decrease of $15.8 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to an increase of $71.8 million in the third quarter of 2024, which included the net proceeds from the August 2024 At-the-Market (ATM) offering, and a decrease of $12.4 million in the second quarter of 2025.
Its net cash flow used in operating activities settled at $12.4 million compared to net cash flow used in operating activities of $26.8 million in the third quarter of 2024 and $12.7 million used in the second quarter of 2025. The result includes a positive working capital contribution of $0.4 million.
Jumia reported that customers’ orders grew 34% year-over-year, driven by strong execution, enhanced product assortment, and healthy consumer demand across key categories. It said quarterly active customers ordering physical goods grew by 23% year-over-year, highlighting continued engagement and customer loyalty. As of September 30, 2025, the Company’s liquidity position was $82.5 million, comprised of $81.5 million in cash and cash equivalents and $1.0 million in term deposits and other financial assets, it said in the report Jumia’s liquidity position decreased by $15.8 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to an increase of $71.8 million in the third quarter of 2024, which included net proceeds from the August 2024 At-the-Market (ATM) offering, and a decrease of $12.4 million in the second quarter of 2025.
Net cash used in operating activities was $12.4 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to a net cash used of $26.8 million in the third quarter of 2024 and $12.7 million used in the second quarter of 2025. The result includes a positive working capital contribution of $0.4 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to a negative working capital contribution of $9.1 million in the third quarter of 2024, primarily reflecting improvements in operating performance.
In addition, the Company reported $1.4 million in capital expenditures in the third quarter of 2025, compared to $0.9 million in the third quarter of 2024, primarily reflecting investments in infrastructure and facility enhancements to support business growth. “This quarter marks a significant acceleration in customer demand and order growth, driven by strong execution across our markets and growing consumer trust in the Jumia brand. We believe Jumia has reached an inflection point as our compelling value proposition, and improved operational discipline position us for sustainable, profitable growth.
“We continue to strengthen our cost structure and sharpen operational discipline, reinforcing our path toward profitability. Our focus remains on execution and customer engagement as we build a more efficient business.
“We believe that we are on track to reach breakeven on a Loss before Income tax basis in Q4 2026 and achieve full-year profitability in 2027, positioning Jumia for long-term growth and value creation.”
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