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CBN worried about another round of non performing loans in banks

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By Omoh Gabriel, Business Editor
The CBN has raised fresh alarm over mounting non performing loans in the banking system, even after it intervened in eight banks two years ago, those close to the CBN authority have disclosed. According to them, the CBN Governor, Sanusi Lamido Sanusi, in October “advised that the Banking Supervision Department (BSD) should identify the customers with huge non-performing loans, and review the risks posed to banks if monetary policy stance was tightened”.
It was gathered that the CBN management is thinking of a second look to be taken at the individual banks with large non-performing loans in a bid to taking a proactive action so that another banking crisis would not surface.
But it was learnt that the Deputy Governor, Financial System Stability, Dr. Kingsley Moghalu, has tasked the Banking Supervision Department of the CBN to resolve the non performing loans problem existing in banks
It was gathered also that the CBN management is worried by the continued drop in the nation’s foreign reserves, concluding that “there was a puzzle to be unravelled to know why foreign exchange reserves had been falling, as oil production and prices were rising.”
The CBN internal report, Vanguard gathered, indicated that oil export volumes had recovered in 2010 relative to 2009 on account of the rebound in both output and prices, but not yet to the level attained in 2008.
External reserves which peaked at $62.08bn in September 2008 had since declined steadily to $40.23bn in April 2010 and further to $33.60bn by end-October 2010. The major reason for the decline was the near exhaustion of the excess crude oil account from a peak of $20.44bn in January 2009 to $1.99bn at end- October 2010.
The CBN’s portion of the external reserves had also been falling since August 2008 due to the high demand for foreign exchange. The report also showed that during the period, payments to the joint venture partners for cash calls and subsidy deductions for the NNPC rose significantly.
The internal report further indicated that oil production in the country averaged 1.99 mbd in 2008, and fell to 1.82 mbd in 2009 with the lowest level being 1.60 mbd recorded in July 2009. However, oil output rose to an average of 2.13 mbd in the first 10 months of 2010. Movements in oil prices were mixed. In 2008, prices rose from $94.25/b in January 2008 to the highest level of $141/b in July, before falling to $44.95/b in December 2008. In 2009, prices ranged between $44.95/b and $78.46/b. The upward trend was sustained in 2010 with prices ranging from $76.42/b in July to $87.45/b in November 2010. The lowest price of $76.42/b in 2010 was higher than the budget price of $60.00/b”.
According to the CBN internal report sighted by Vanguard, the “Money market rates and other interest rates were not expected to moderate in the light of excessive government borrowing and the common year-end for banks. Inflation was not expected to moderate, thus making the single digit inflation target by the end of the year unrealisable.
“The updates were as follows: N 200bn Refinancing/Restructuring Facility: i. Of this amount, the sum of N139.199bn had already been disbursed through the BOI; ii. N69.47bn had been approved for disbursement as second tranche; and iii. amendments to the guidelines for the scheme had
The report noted that the budget deficit reported arose from huge government expenditure for
subsidising the consumption of petroleum products, and the increased wages to federal civil servants, the loss of revenue through duty waiver on rice imports, and the joint venture cash calls, among others. The CBN management agreed that fiscal discipline and structural reforms were needed to reduce the huge budget deficit.
On money market rates, it was also noted that the spread between the open buy back (OBB) and interbank rates reflected the credit risks in the industry.
The report said that the spike in interest rates in October 2010 arose from information and communications technology (ICT) challenges in the Bank when the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) platform was undergoing upgrades.
It noted that preserving the foreign reserves of the country had implications for the economy, particularly, as manufacturing inputs, power, food and petroleum products were largely sourced from imports. In that regard, the report noted the limits of monetary policy and emphasised the need for reforms in order to reduce pressure on policy. On the under performance of monetary aggregates, it was agreed that the monetary programme be reviewed, though the reason for the under performance was attributed to the nonperformance of fiscal operations. The report observed that much of the domestic revenue was devoted to recurrent expenditure which left very little room for capital projects.
“Members also recognised that while government borrowing would heighten money market rates, AMCON bonds expected to be issued to the banks would moderate the rates. It noted that the CBN should be observant of the development of asset bubbles in the stock market.
The report identified the following pressure points as the continued under-performance of monetary aggregates, relative to long – term trends; inflation threat resulting from anticipated liquidity injections; and rising interbank interest rates as well as high but narrowing interest rate spreads. The challenges for monetary and credit policy in the near term were identified as: providing adequate incentives for banks to lend to the real sector; sustaining exchange rate stability in the face of declining external reserves; and moderating inflationary threats.

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Afreximbank successfully closed its second Samurai Bond transactions, raising JPY 81.8bn or $527m

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African Export-Import Bank said it has successfully closed its second Samurai bond transaction, securing a total of JPY 81.8 billion (approx. USD 527 million) through Regular and Retail Samurai Bonds offerings.

The execution surpasses the Bank’s 2024 debut issuance size, attracting orders from more than 100 institutional and retail investors, marking a renewed demonstration of strong Japanese investor confidence in the Bank’s credit and its growing presence in the yen capital markets.

On 18 November, Afreximbank priced a JPY 45.8 billion 3-year tranche in the Regular Samurai market following a comprehensive sequence of investor engagement activities leveraging Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD9), including Non-Deal Roadshows (NDRs) in Tokyo, Kanazawa, Kyoto, Shiga and Osaka, a Global Investor Call, and a two-day soft-sounding process which tested investor appetite across 2.5-, 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year maturities.

With market expectations of a Bank of Japan interest rate increase, investor demand concentrated in shorter tenors, resulting in a focused 3-year tranche during official marketing.

The tranche attracted strong participation from asset managers (22.3%), life insurers (15.3%), regional corporates, and high-net-worth investors (39.7%).

Concurrently, Afreximbank priced its second Retail Samurai bond on 18 November, a JPY 36.0 billion 3-year tranche, more than double the inaugural JPY 14.1 billion Retail Samurai issuance completed in November 2024.

The 2025 Retail Samurai bond also marks the first Retail Samurai bond issued in Japan in 2025.

Following the amendment to Afreximbank’s shelf registration on 7 November 2025, SMBC Nikko conducted an extensive seven-business-day demand survey through its nationwide branch network, followed by a six-business-day bond offering period.

The offering benefited from strong visibility supported by Afreximbank’s investor engagement across the country, including the Bank’s participation at TICAD9, where Afreximbank hosted the Africa Finance Seminar to introduce Multinational Development Bank’s mandate in Africa and its credit profile to key Japanese institutional investors.

MBC Nikko Securities Inc. acted as Sole Lead Manager and Bookrunner for both the Regular and Retail Samurai transactions. Chandi Mwenebungu, Afreximbank’s Managing Director, Treasury & Markets and Group Treasurer, commented:

“We are pleased with the successful completion of our second Samurai bond transactions, which marked a significant increase from our inaugural Retail Samurai bond in 2024, and which reflect the growing depth of our relationship with Japanese investors.

The strong demand, both in the Regular and Retail offerings, demonstrates sustained confidence in Afreximbank’s credit and mandate.

We remain committed to deepening our engagement in the Samurai market through regular investor activities and continued collaboration with our Japanese partners.”

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Ecobank unveils SME bazaar: a festive marketplace for local entrepreneurs

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Ecobank Nigeria, a member of Africa’s leading pan-African banking group, has announced the launch of the Ecobank SME Bazaar—a two-weekend festive marketplace designed to celebrate local creativity, empower entrepreneurs, and give Lagos residents a premium shopping experience this Detty December. The Bazaar will hold on 29–30 November and 6–7 December at the Ecobank Pan African Centre (EPAC), Ozumba Mbadiwe Road, Victoria Island, Lagos. Speaking ahead of the event, Omoboye Odu, Head of SMEs, Ecobank Nigeria, reaffirmed the bank’s commitment to supporting small and medium-sized businesses, describing them as the heartbeat of Nigeria’s economy. She explained that the Ecobank SME Bazaar was created to enhance visibility for entrepreneurs, expand market access, and support sustainable business growth.
According to her, “This isn’t just a market—it’s a vibrant hub of culture, commerce, and connection. From fresh farm produce to trendy fashion, handcrafted pieces, lifestyle products, and delicious food and drinks, the Ecobank SME Bazaar promises an unforgettable experience for both shoppers and participating SMEs. Whether you’re shopping for festive gifts, hunting for unique finds, or soaking in the Detty December energy, this is the place to be.” Ms. Odu added that participating businesses will enjoy increased brand exposure, deeper customer engagement, and meaningful networking opportunities—making the Bazaar a strong platform for both festive-season sales and long-term business growth. The event is powered by Ecobank in partnership with TKD Farms, Eko Marche, Leyyow, and other SME-focused organisations committed to building sustainable enterprises.

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16 banks have recapitalised before deadline—CBN

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The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has said that16 banks have so far met the new capital requirements for their various licences, some four months before the March 31, 2026 deadline. The apex bank also indicated that 27 other banks have raised capital through various methods in one of the most extensive financial sector reforms since 2004. Addressing journalists at the end of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting in Abuja, CBN Governor Mr Olayemi Cardoso said the banking recapitalisation was going on orderly, consistent with the regulator’s expectations. He said, “We are monitoring developments, and indications show the process is moving in the right direction.” Nigeria has 44 deposit-taking banks, including seven commercial banks with international authorisation, 15 with national authorisation, four with regional authorisation, four non-interest banks, six merchant banks, seven financial holding companies and one representative office.
Cardoso explained that eight commercial banks had met the N500 billion capital requirement as of July 22, 2024, rising to 14 by September of the same year. The number has now increased to 16 as the industry continues to race toward full compliance. He said that the reforms would reinforce the resilience of Nigerian banks both within the country and across the continent. “We are building a financial system that will be fit for purpose for the years ahead. Many Nigerian banks now operate across Africa and have been innovative across different markets. These new buffers will better equip them to manage risks in the multiple jurisdictions where they operate,” Cardoso said. According to him, the reforms would strengthen the financial sector’s capability to support households and businesses. He said, “Ultimately, this benefits Nigerians—our traders, our businesses and our citizens—who operate across those regions. “It should give everyone comfort to know that Nigerian banks with deep local understanding are present to support them. Commercial banks are also creating their own buffers through the ongoing recapitalisation.”
He added that the apex bank considered several factors in determining the new capital thresholds, including prevailing macroeconomic conditions, stress test results and the need for stronger risk buffers. He reassured on the regulator’s commitment to strict oversight as the consolidation progresses. “We will rigorously enforce our ‘fit and proper’ criteria for prospective new shareholders, senior management, and board members of banks, and proactively monitor the integrity of financial statements, adequacy of financial resources, and fair valuation of banks’ post-merger balance sheets,” Cardoso said. He said the CBN remained confident that the banking system would emerge stronger at the conclusion of the recapitalization exercise, with institutions better prepared to support Nigeria’s economic transformation Banks have up till March 31, 2026 to beef up their minimum capital base to the new standard set by the apex bank. Under the new minimum capital base, CBN uses a distinctive definition of the new minimum capital base for each category of banks as the addition of share capital and share premium, as against the previous use of shareholders’ funds.
While most banks have shareholders’ funds in excess of the new minimum capital base, their share premium and share capital significantly fall short of the new minimum definition. The CBN had in March 2024 released its circular on review of minimum capital requirement for commercial, merchant and non-interest banks. The apex bank increased the new minimum capital for commercial banks with international affiliations, otherwise known as mega banks, to N500 billion; commercial banks with national authorisation, N200 billion and commercial banks with regional license, N50 billion. Others included merchant banks, N50 billion; non-interest banks with national license, N20 billion and non-interest banks with regional license will now have N10 billion minimum capital. The 24-month timeline for compliance ends on March 31, 2026. Under the guidelines for the recapitalisation exercise, banks are expected to subject their new equity funds to capital verification before the clearance of the allotment proposal and release of the funds to the bank for onwards completion of the offer process and addition of the new capital to its capital base. The CBN is the final signatory in a tripartite capital verification committee that included the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC). The committee is saddled with scrutinising new funds being raised by banks under the ongoing banking sector recapitalisation exercise.

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