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Economy

FG records N601bn 4th quarter deficit in 2013

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The federal government recorded a budget deficit of N601.56 billion in the last quarter 2013, according the fourth quarter report of the Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN.

 According to the apex bank, the federal government retained revenue for the last three months of 2013 was N822.19 billion, while total expenditure was N1.423.75trillion.

“Federal Government retained revenue was N822.19 billion, while total expenditure was N1.42375 trillion. Thus, the fiscal operations of the Federal Government resulted in an estimated deficit of N601.56 billion or 5.1 per cent of estimated nominal GDP for fourth quarter 2013, compared with the quarterly budget deficit of N221.77 billion or 1.9 per cent of estimated GDP”, it said.

Low oil output

 The dismal revenue profile of the federal government in the last quarter of 2013 was blamed on the unprecedented level of low crude oil output which was put at a mere 1.42 million bpd as against the 2013 budget oil production estimate of 2.526 million bpd.

“Nigeria’s crude oil production, including condensates and natural gas liquids, was estimated at an average of 1.87million barrels per day (mbd) or 172.04 million barrels for the quarter. Crude oil export stood at 1.42 mbd or 130.64 million barrels for the quarter, while deliveries to the refineries for domestic consumption remained at 0.45 mbd or 41.40 million barrels”, the bank said.

 Non-oil receipts were also below the budget estimate and receipts in the preceding quarter by 26.4 and 41.0 per cent, respectively. Available data indicated that banks’ deposit and lending rates generally trended upward in the fourth quarter of 2013.

The report said that the spread between the weighted average term deposit and maximum lending rates widened by 0.34 percentage point during the review quarter.

Similarly, the margin between the average savings deposit and the maximum lending rates widened by 0.68 percentage point

.The CBN said that the weighted average inter-bank call rate fell by 3.23 percentage points to 11.02 per cent in the fourth quarter of 2013, reflecting the liquidity condition in the inter-bank funds market On total banks’ assets, it said “provisional data indicated that the value of money market assets outstanding at the end of the fourth quarter of 2013 increased by 4.1per cent to N6.8415 trillion, compared with the increase of 5.7 per cent at the end of the preceding quarter. “The development was attributed to the 4.7 and 3.9 per cent increase in FGN Bonds and NTBs outstanding, respectively”.

Net  $1.4 b  forex outflow  

Foreign exchange inflow and outflow through the CBN amounted to US$9.13 billion and US$10.48 billion, respectively, resulting in a net outflow of US$1.35 billion during the review quarter.

“Foreign exchange sales by the CBN to the authorized dealers amounted to US$9.10 billion, compared with US$10.97 billion in the preceding quarter. The average exchange rate of the Naira vis-à-vis the US dollar at the rDAS window was N157.32 per US dollar, indicating a marginal depreciation from its levels in the preceding and the corresponding period of 2012, respectively”, the bank added.

 Relying on available data from the National Bureau of Statistics, NBS, the bank said that Gross Domestic Product, GDP, was estimated to have grown by 7.7per cent in the fourth quarter of 2013 , compared with 6.8per cent in the preceding quarter.

 It said that the development was driven, largely, by the growth in the non-oil sector.

 Broad money supply, M2, grew by 9.1 per cent at the end of the quarter under review, in contrast to the 7.9 per cent decline recorded at the end of the preceding quarter.

 “The development reflected, largely the 14.9 per cent increase in domestic credit (net) of the banking system. Similarly, narrow money supply, (M1), rose by 11.4per cent, in contrast to the 9.3per cent decline at the end of the preceding quarter. Over the level at end-December 2012, broad money supply (M2) grew by 1.2 per cent, owing largely to the 18.5 per cent increase in net domestic credit, which more than offset the 26.0 and 5.9 per cent decline in other assets (net) and foreign assets (net) of the banking system, respectively”, the bank said.

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Nigeria champions African-Arab trade to boost agribusiness, industrial growth

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The Arab Africa Trade Bridges (AATB) Program and the Federal Republic of Nigeria formalized a partnership with the signing of the AATB Membership Agreement, officially welcoming Nigeria as the Program’s newest member country. The signing ceremony took place in Abuja on the sidelines of the 5th AATB Board of Governors Meeting, hosted by the Federal Government of Nigeria.

The Membership Agreement was signed by Eng. Adeeb Y. Al Aama, the CEO of the International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation (ITFC) and AATB Program Secretary General, and H.E. Mr. Wale Edun, Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Federal Republic of Nigeria. The Agreement will provide a strategic and operational framework to support Nigeria’s efforts in trade competitiveness, promote export diversification, strengthen priority value chains, and advance capacity-building efforts in line with national development priorities. Areas of collaboration will include trade promotion, agribusiness modernization, SME development, businessmen missions, trade facilitation, logistics efficiency, and digital trade readiness.

The Honourable Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Mr. Wale Edun, called for deeper trade collaboration between African and Arab nations, stressing the importance of value-added Agribusiness and industrial partnerships for regional growth. Speaking in Abuja at the Agribusiness Matchmaking Forum ahead of the AATB Board of Governors Meeting, the Minister said the shifting global economy makes it essential for African and Arab nations to rely more on regional cooperation, investment and shared markets.

He highlighted projections showing Arab-Africa trade could grow by more than US$37 billion in the next three years and urged partners to prioritize value addition rather than raw commodity exports. He noted that Nigeria’s growing industrial base and upcoming National Single Window reforms will support efficiency, investment and private-sector expansion.

“This is a moment to turn opportunity into action”, he said. “By working together, we can build stronger value chains, create jobs and support prosperity across our regions”, Edun emphasized. “As African and Arab nations embark on this journey of deeper trade collaboration, the potential for growth and development is vast. With a shared vision and commitment to value-added partnerships, we can unlock new opportunities, drive economic growth, and create a brighter future for our people.”

Speaking during the event, Eng. Adeeb Y. Al Aama, Chief Executive Officer of ITFC and Secretary General of the AATB Program, stated: “We are pleased to welcome Nigeria to be part of the AATB Program. Nigeria stands as one of Africa’s most dynamic and resilient economies in Africa, with a rapidly expanding private sector and strong potential across agribusiness, energy, manufacturing, and digital industries. Through this Membership Agreement, we look forward to collaborating closely with Nigerian institutions to strengthen value chains, expand regional market access, enhance trade finance and investment opportunities, and support the country’s development priorities.”

The signing of this Agreement underscores AATB’s continued engagement with African countries and its evolving portfolio of programs supporting trade and investment. In recent years, AATB has worked on initiatives across agribusiness, textiles, logistics, digital trade, export readiness under the AfCFTA framework, and other regional initiatives such as the Common African Agro-Parks (CAAPs) Programme.

With Nigeria’s accession, the AATB Program extends it’s presence in the region and adds a key partner working toward advancing trade-led development and fostering inclusive economic growth.

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Economy

FEC approves 2026–2028 MTEF, projects N34.33trn revenue 

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Federal Executive Council (FEC) has approved the 2026–2028 Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF), a key fiscal document that outlines Nigeria’s revenue expectations, macroeconomic assumptions, and spending priorities for the next three years. The approval followed Wednesday’s FEC meeting presided over by President Bola Tinubu at the State House, Abuja. The Minister of Budget and Economic Planning, Senator Atiku Bagudu made this known after the meeting.

The Minister said the Federal Government is projecting a total revenue inflow of N34.33 trillion in 2026, including N4.98 trillion expected from government-owned enterprises. Bagudu said that the projected revenue is N6.55 trillion lower than earlier estimates, adding that federal allocations are expected to drop by about N9.4 trillion, representing a 16% decline compared to the 2025 budget.

He said that statutory transfers are expected to amount to about N3 trillion within the same fiscal year. On macroeconomic assumptions, FEC adopted an oil production benchmark of 2.6 million barrels per day (mbpd) for 2026, although a more conservative 1.8 mbpd will be used for budgeting purposes. An oil price benchmark of $64 per barrel and an exchange rate of N1,512 per dollar were also approved.

Bagudu said the exchange rate assumption reflects projections tied to economic and political developments ahead of the 2027 general elections. He said the exchange rate assumption took into account the fiscal outlook ahead of the 2027 general elections.

The minister said that all the parameters were based on macroeconomic analysis by the Budget Office and other relevant agencies. Bagudu said FEC also reviewed comments from cabinet members before approving the Medium-Term Fiscal Expenditure Ceiling (MFTEC), which sets expenditure limits. Earlier, the Senate approved the external borrowing plan of $21.5 billion presented by President Tinubu for consideration The loans, according to the Senate, were part of the MTEF and Fiscal Strategy Paper (FSP) for the 2025 budget.

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Economy

CBN hikes interest on treasury Bills above inflation rate

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The spot rate on Nigerian Treasury bills has been increased by 146 basis points by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) following tight subscription levels at the main auction on Wednesday. The spot rate on Treasury bills with one-year maturity has now surpassed Nigeria’s 16.05% inflation by 145 basis points following a recent decision to keep the policy rate at 27%. 

The Apex Bank came to the primary market with N700 billion Treasury bills offer size across standard tenors, including 91-day, 182-day and 364 day maturities. Details from the auction results showed that demand settled slightly above the total offers as investors began to seek higher returns on naira assets despite disinflation.

Total subscription came in at about N775 billion versus N700 billion offers floated at the main auction. The results showed rising appetite for duration as investors parked about 90% of their bids on Nigerian Treasury bills with 364 days maturity. The CBN opened N100 billion worth of 91 days bills for subscription, but the offer received underwhelming bids totalling N44.17 billion.

The CBN allotted N42.80 billion for the short-term instrument at the spot rate of 15.30%, the same as the previous auction. Total demand for 182 days Nigerian Treasury bills settled at N33.38 billion as against N150 billion that the authority pushed out for subscription. The CBN raised N30.36 billion from 182 days bills allotted to investors at the spot rate of 15.50%, the same as the previous auction.

Investors staked N697.29 billion on N450 billion in 364-day Treasury bills that was offered for subscription. The CBN raised N636.46 billion from the longest tenor at the spot rate of 17.50%, up from 16.04% at the previous auction.

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