Economy
Nigeria imports more from Asia, as taste for foreign goods drops
By Omoh Gabriel
Nigerians taste for foreign goods dropped by 43 per cent in 2012 according to figures released by National Bureau of Statistics yesterday. The figures showed a sharp decrease in the value of imports from N9.8926 trillion in 2011 to N 5.6249 trillion in 2012, a decrease of 43.1 per cent. The Bureau of Statistics in a statement of its website said there was an increase of 15.5 per cent in the value of exports from N19.4404 trillion in 2011 to N 22.4463 trillion in 2012. The statement said “The increase in the value of exports contributed immensely to the visible trade Balance of N16.8214 trillion recorded in 2012. This was a contrast to the visible trade balance of N 9.5477 trillion recorded in 2011”.
According to the report “The crude oil component of total trade increased by N1.596.0triillion or 11 per cent over the level recorded in 2011. The structure of Nigeria’s export is still determined by crude oil export. The contribution of crude oil to the value of total domestic export trade amounted to N15.5319trillion or 69.2 per cent in 2012.
“Summary of Nigeria’s export by section revealed that the highest export product of Nigeria in 2012 was mineral products which accounted for N18.868 trillion or 84.1 per cent. Other products that contributed immensely to Nigeria’s export includes Plastic, rubber and articles, Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, spirits and vinegar, tobacco whose values stood at N1.5999trillion or 7.1 per cent and N764.2billion or 3.0 per cent of the total exports of Nigeria during the period under review.
“Details of Nigeria’s exports to various continents of the world showed that European countries are the highest consumer of Nigeria’s export with N8.2271billion or 36.7 per cent. This was followed closely by America with N7.1961trillion or 32.1 per cent and Asia with N4.3474trillion or 19.4 per cent. Within the continent of Africa, Nigeria exported products valued at N2.11868 trillion or 9.4 per cent of its total exports trade.
However, Nigeria exported products valued at N869.6billion to the region of ECOWAS out of its total export trade to Africa”
The report further said “The total imports of Nigeria was valued at N1.2928trillion in quarter 4, 2012 indicating a rise of N21.6billion or 1.7 per cent when compared with the value of the third quarter of the same year. The value of imports totaled N5.6249trillion at the end of 2012 as against N9.892.6billion in 2011, a decrease of N 4.2678 trillion or 43.1 per cent.
“The structure of import trade according to SITC was still dominated by the imports of Machinery and transport equipments, Manufactured goods and Commodities n.e.s which accounted for 23.5 per cent,12.4 per cent and 34.0 per cent respectively. However, commodities which contributed noticeably to the fall in the value of import trade in 2012 were as follows: Beverages & Tobacco, Crude inedible materials, Mineral fuel and oils, fats&Waxes with N79.0billion or 1.4 per cent, N61.7billion or 1.1 per cent, N49.4billion or 0.9 per cent, N10.9 billion or 0.2 per cent respectively.
Nigeria in 2012 exported more than it imported thus resulting in an increase in the nation’s external reserves according to statistics released by the National Bureau of statistics yesterday. The report said that Exports outperformed imports leading to visible trade surplus.
The total value of Nigeria’s external merchandise trade for the fourth quarter of 2012, stood at N7.185.8trillion, showing a slight increase of N6.4billion or 0.1 per cent over the previous quarter. At the end of 2012, the Nigeria’s external trade was N 28.0712 trillion. This was 4.3 per cent lower than the corresponding figure of N 29.333.0 trillion recorded in 2011.
Further analysis of Nigeria’s imports according to sections showed that Boilers , Machinery and Appliances still accounted for the largest share of Nigeria’s imports with N1.2833trillion or 22.8 per cent. However, other major imports of Nigeria during the period under review include Vehicles, aircraft and part, Vegetable products, Base metals and associated articles and products of chemical and Allied industries with N1,1114trillion or 19.8 per cent, N577.2billion or 10.3 per cent, N520.3Billion or 9.2 per cent and N450.2billion or 8.0% respectively.
“At the end of 2012, Nigeria’s imports according to Broad economic classification revealed that goods not elsewhere specified accounted for N1.9290trillion or 34.3 per cent, followed by Industrial supplies with N1.3218trillion or 23.5 per cent and capital goods and parts with N957.9 billion or 17.0 per cent.
“Direction of import trade by Economic region showed that Nigeria’s major imports came from Asian countries which accounted for N2, 319.9billion or 41.2 per cent of the total imports. Other major imports of Nigeria were from Europe and America with N1.4904trillion or 26.5 per cent and N1.4219trillion or 25.3 per cent. Within the continent of Africa, Nigeria imported goods valued at N245.6billion or 4.4 per cent out of which ECOWAS accounted for N33.8billion or 13.8 per cent.
“Nigeria’s total export trade amounted to N5.8929trillion in the quarter under review. This was less than N5.9082 trillion recorded in the preceding quarter. On annual basis, the total exports of Nigeria stood at N 22.4463 trillion at the end of 2012, representing a rise of N3.0060 trillion or 15.5 per cent over the level in 2011” the report stated.
Economy
Nigeria champions African-Arab trade to boost agribusiness, industrial growth
The Arab Africa Trade Bridges (AATB) Program and the Federal Republic of Nigeria formalized a partnership with the signing of the AATB Membership Agreement, officially welcoming Nigeria as the Program’s newest member country. The signing ceremony took place in Abuja on the sidelines of the 5th AATB Board of Governors Meeting, hosted by the Federal Government of Nigeria.
The Membership Agreement was signed by Eng. Adeeb Y. Al Aama, the CEO of the International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation (ITFC) and AATB Program Secretary General, and H.E. Mr. Wale Edun, Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Federal Republic of Nigeria. The Agreement will provide a strategic and operational framework to support Nigeria’s efforts in trade competitiveness, promote export diversification, strengthen priority value chains, and advance capacity-building efforts in line with national development priorities. Areas of collaboration will include trade promotion, agribusiness modernization, SME development, businessmen missions, trade facilitation, logistics efficiency, and digital trade readiness.
The Honourable Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Mr. Wale Edun, called for deeper trade collaboration between African and Arab nations, stressing the importance of value-added Agribusiness and industrial partnerships for regional growth. Speaking in Abuja at the Agribusiness Matchmaking Forum ahead of the AATB Board of Governors Meeting, the Minister said the shifting global economy makes it essential for African and Arab nations to rely more on regional cooperation, investment and shared markets.
He highlighted projections showing Arab-Africa trade could grow by more than US$37 billion in the next three years and urged partners to prioritize value addition rather than raw commodity exports. He noted that Nigeria’s growing industrial base and upcoming National Single Window reforms will support efficiency, investment and private-sector expansion.
“This is a moment to turn opportunity into action”, he said. “By working together, we can build stronger value chains, create jobs and support prosperity across our regions”, Edun emphasized. “As African and Arab nations embark on this journey of deeper trade collaboration, the potential for growth and development is vast. With a shared vision and commitment to value-added partnerships, we can unlock new opportunities, drive economic growth, and create a brighter future for our people.”
Speaking during the event, Eng. Adeeb Y. Al Aama, Chief Executive Officer of ITFC and Secretary General of the AATB Program, stated: “We are pleased to welcome Nigeria to be part of the AATB Program. Nigeria stands as one of Africa’s most dynamic and resilient economies in Africa, with a rapidly expanding private sector and strong potential across agribusiness, energy, manufacturing, and digital industries. Through this Membership Agreement, we look forward to collaborating closely with Nigerian institutions to strengthen value chains, expand regional market access, enhance trade finance and investment opportunities, and support the country’s development priorities.”
The signing of this Agreement underscores AATB’s continued engagement with African countries and its evolving portfolio of programs supporting trade and investment. In recent years, AATB has worked on initiatives across agribusiness, textiles, logistics, digital trade, export readiness under the AfCFTA framework, and other regional initiatives such as the Common African Agro-Parks (CAAPs) Programme.
With Nigeria’s accession, the AATB Program extends it’s presence in the region and adds a key partner working toward advancing trade-led development and fostering inclusive economic growth.
Economy
FEC approves 2026–2028 MTEF, projects N34.33trn revenue
Federal Executive Council (FEC) has approved the 2026–2028 Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF), a key fiscal document that outlines Nigeria’s revenue expectations, macroeconomic assumptions, and spending priorities for the next three years. The approval followed Wednesday’s FEC meeting presided over by President Bola Tinubu at the State House, Abuja. The Minister of Budget and Economic Planning, Senator Atiku Bagudu made this known after the meeting.
The Minister said the Federal Government is projecting a total revenue inflow of N34.33 trillion in 2026, including N4.98 trillion expected from government-owned enterprises. Bagudu said that the projected revenue is N6.55 trillion lower than earlier estimates, adding that federal allocations are expected to drop by about N9.4 trillion, representing a 16% decline compared to the 2025 budget.
He said that statutory transfers are expected to amount to about N3 trillion within the same fiscal year. On macroeconomic assumptions, FEC adopted an oil production benchmark of 2.6 million barrels per day (mbpd) for 2026, although a more conservative 1.8 mbpd will be used for budgeting purposes. An oil price benchmark of $64 per barrel and an exchange rate of N1,512 per dollar were also approved.
Bagudu said the exchange rate assumption reflects projections tied to economic and political developments ahead of the 2027 general elections. He said the exchange rate assumption took into account the fiscal outlook ahead of the 2027 general elections.
The minister said that all the parameters were based on macroeconomic analysis by the Budget Office and other relevant agencies. Bagudu said FEC also reviewed comments from cabinet members before approving the Medium-Term Fiscal Expenditure Ceiling (MFTEC), which sets expenditure limits. Earlier, the Senate approved the external borrowing plan of $21.5 billion presented by President Tinubu for consideration The loans, according to the Senate, were part of the MTEF and Fiscal Strategy Paper (FSP) for the 2025 budget.
Economy
CBN hikes interest on treasury Bills above inflation rate
The spot rate on Nigerian Treasury bills has been increased by 146 basis points by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) following tight subscription levels at the main auction on Wednesday. The spot rate on Treasury bills with one-year maturity has now surpassed Nigeria’s 16.05% inflation by 145 basis points following a recent decision to keep the policy rate at 27%.
The Apex Bank came to the primary market with N700 billion Treasury bills offer size across standard tenors, including 91-day, 182-day and 364 day maturities. Details from the auction results showed that demand settled slightly above the total offers as investors began to seek higher returns on naira assets despite disinflation.
Total subscription came in at about N775 billion versus N700 billion offers floated at the main auction. The results showed rising appetite for duration as investors parked about 90% of their bids on Nigerian Treasury bills with 364 days maturity. The CBN opened N100 billion worth of 91 days bills for subscription, but the offer received underwhelming bids totalling N44.17 billion.
The CBN allotted N42.80 billion for the short-term instrument at the spot rate of 15.30%, the same as the previous auction. Total demand for 182 days Nigerian Treasury bills settled at N33.38 billion as against N150 billion that the authority pushed out for subscription. The CBN raised N30.36 billion from 182 days bills allotted to investors at the spot rate of 15.50%, the same as the previous auction.
Investors staked N697.29 billion on N450 billion in 364-day Treasury bills that was offered for subscription. The CBN raised N636.46 billion from the longest tenor at the spot rate of 17.50%, up from 16.04% at the previous auction.
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