Economy
Sanusi-led CBN lack corporate governance, it was a one-man management
—- no board approvals for financial transactions
—–investment in Islamic liquidity management had no board approval
—-Governor as chairman of board, error of law
The Sanusi CBN was accused of lack of corporate governance by the Financial Reporting Council report on the CBN to the President. The report signed by Jim Osayande Obazee said that there was very weak corporate governance in the CBN as transactions that needed board approval were carried out in the apex bank without such approvals.
Sanusi-led CBN had removed some bank executives on the basis of lack of corporate governance, yet in his own CBN, there was a worse scenario.
The Council report on CBN said: “A number of transactions and even of a financial nature were carried out without board approvals as no board approvals were provided as requested. This shows a very weak corporate governance of the CBN and clear evidence that statutorily allowing the CBN Governor to be both the chief executive officer of the bank as wnepotismell as chairman of the board is the greatest error made in the conception of the CBN act 2007.
According to the Financial Council Report, the board approval for the equity investment in the shares of International Islamic Liquidity Management Corporation of Malaysia to the tune of N0.743 billion is also not provided. The share certificate is also to be provided as it seems that section 34 of the CBN act has been violated. It said that the date of the board approval of the apex bank financial statements was not disclosed. It further disclosed that in the CBN response, Your Excellency is therein informed that the management letter on the financial statement is yet to be discussed by the Board Audit and Risk Management Committee. This is contrary to section 3b of the CBN act 2007. This is supposed to take place, considered by the Board and decision taken. Accounting issues identified usually lead to adjustments in the financial statements before the approval of the board is secured on the accounts. It said that a number of issues on the draft management letter can testify to this.
According to the Council, what this means is that the financial statement submitted by the CBN Governor to the President was not approved by the governing board of the apex bank.
The Financial Reporting Council report on CBN 2012 account further observed that the Financial statement was highly abridged with poor disclosures of transactions and events that are of financial nature. The breakdown provided to some items seems to be allocation of figures to arrive at predetermined numbers.
Giving clear instances, it said the breakdown of loan provisioning amounting to N586.703 billion has figures that seem more like figures to ensure that the total is arrived at. There in is staff loan of N34,789,071; bankers’ payment of N900; National Biotechnology Development Agency of N1051. It also contains CBN contributory pension fund of N122,562,355. This should not have been accounted for under this classification. It also contains figure for Wema Bank, N50,061,710,108 and AMCON N500 billion without the unsubstantiated balance of N236,521,506.05.
A breakdown for the Center for Excellence contains several invoices with amounts that are identified simply as ‘others.’
The report said that AMCON made a loss of over N2.4 trillion and also had a negative total equity of over N2.3 trillion at the end of 2011. AMCON’s 2011 accounts were signed by the board on 8 October 2012. This is to the full knowledge of the CBN since it owns 50 per cent of AMCON share capital and has directors on the board of AMCON. It said that the CBN rightly explained that AMCON’s bonds are gilt-edge securities of the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) {in their response, 7 (d )} but did not disclose to Mr. President that a large portion of this sovereign instrument is to mature by December 31st 2013 and the inability of FGN to fulfill the guarantee may affect credit risk rating of Nigeria negatively.
The fact that it was not budgeted for in 2013 by the FGN coupled with the fact that the CBN was even expecting N713 billion therefrom, were enough reasons for the leadership of the CBN to have drawn the attention of Mr. President to the matter in accordance with section 2 (e) of the CBN Act 2007.
The Council in its report said: “Your Excellency is invited to note that the explanation provided by the leadership of the CBN is unsatisfactory. Accordingly, your Excellency may wish to take the necessary steps to brief the Senate of the matter and on the financial implication in the immediate future as AMCON’s bond falls due and the sovereign guarantee called there to exercise the powers conferred on Mr. President by section 11 2 (f) of the Central Bank of Nigeria Act 2007 or invoke section 11 2 (c) of the said act and cause the CBN governor and the deputy governors to cease from holding office in the CBN.
The Financial Reporting Council further recommended that the President should direct the council to carry out full investigation of the activities of the CBN, in accordance with section 62 (3) of the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria Act no 6, 2011 within a period of 90 days or in accordance with section 11 4 of the CBN act 2007. It also asked the President to decide that those found to be culpable be prosecuted accordingly.
The Council further said: “It is important that quick and decisive action is taken so that the opposition to the Federal Government does not take advantage of the information and use it against the government that your Excellency was aware of the lax in CBN and allowed it to stay for political reasons. It is also important that the CBN governor and or the deputy governors do not decide earlier than your Excellency as they may resign their appointment to foreclose the action of the Federal Government and whatever action taken there after shall be regarded as politically motivated.
Economy
Nigeria champions African-Arab trade to boost agribusiness, industrial growth
The Arab Africa Trade Bridges (AATB) Program and the Federal Republic of Nigeria formalized a partnership with the signing of the AATB Membership Agreement, officially welcoming Nigeria as the Program’s newest member country. The signing ceremony took place in Abuja on the sidelines of the 5th AATB Board of Governors Meeting, hosted by the Federal Government of Nigeria.
The Membership Agreement was signed by Eng. Adeeb Y. Al Aama, the CEO of the International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation (ITFC) and AATB Program Secretary General, and H.E. Mr. Wale Edun, Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Federal Republic of Nigeria. The Agreement will provide a strategic and operational framework to support Nigeria’s efforts in trade competitiveness, promote export diversification, strengthen priority value chains, and advance capacity-building efforts in line with national development priorities. Areas of collaboration will include trade promotion, agribusiness modernization, SME development, businessmen missions, trade facilitation, logistics efficiency, and digital trade readiness.
The Honourable Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Mr. Wale Edun, called for deeper trade collaboration between African and Arab nations, stressing the importance of value-added Agribusiness and industrial partnerships for regional growth. Speaking in Abuja at the Agribusiness Matchmaking Forum ahead of the AATB Board of Governors Meeting, the Minister said the shifting global economy makes it essential for African and Arab nations to rely more on regional cooperation, investment and shared markets.
He highlighted projections showing Arab-Africa trade could grow by more than US$37 billion in the next three years and urged partners to prioritize value addition rather than raw commodity exports. He noted that Nigeria’s growing industrial base and upcoming National Single Window reforms will support efficiency, investment and private-sector expansion.
“This is a moment to turn opportunity into action”, he said. “By working together, we can build stronger value chains, create jobs and support prosperity across our regions”, Edun emphasized. “As African and Arab nations embark on this journey of deeper trade collaboration, the potential for growth and development is vast. With a shared vision and commitment to value-added partnerships, we can unlock new opportunities, drive economic growth, and create a brighter future for our people.”
Speaking during the event, Eng. Adeeb Y. Al Aama, Chief Executive Officer of ITFC and Secretary General of the AATB Program, stated: “We are pleased to welcome Nigeria to be part of the AATB Program. Nigeria stands as one of Africa’s most dynamic and resilient economies in Africa, with a rapidly expanding private sector and strong potential across agribusiness, energy, manufacturing, and digital industries. Through this Membership Agreement, we look forward to collaborating closely with Nigerian institutions to strengthen value chains, expand regional market access, enhance trade finance and investment opportunities, and support the country’s development priorities.”
The signing of this Agreement underscores AATB’s continued engagement with African countries and its evolving portfolio of programs supporting trade and investment. In recent years, AATB has worked on initiatives across agribusiness, textiles, logistics, digital trade, export readiness under the AfCFTA framework, and other regional initiatives such as the Common African Agro-Parks (CAAPs) Programme.
With Nigeria’s accession, the AATB Program extends it’s presence in the region and adds a key partner working toward advancing trade-led development and fostering inclusive economic growth.
Economy
FEC approves 2026–2028 MTEF, projects N34.33trn revenue
Federal Executive Council (FEC) has approved the 2026–2028 Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF), a key fiscal document that outlines Nigeria’s revenue expectations, macroeconomic assumptions, and spending priorities for the next three years. The approval followed Wednesday’s FEC meeting presided over by President Bola Tinubu at the State House, Abuja. The Minister of Budget and Economic Planning, Senator Atiku Bagudu made this known after the meeting.
The Minister said the Federal Government is projecting a total revenue inflow of N34.33 trillion in 2026, including N4.98 trillion expected from government-owned enterprises. Bagudu said that the projected revenue is N6.55 trillion lower than earlier estimates, adding that federal allocations are expected to drop by about N9.4 trillion, representing a 16% decline compared to the 2025 budget.
He said that statutory transfers are expected to amount to about N3 trillion within the same fiscal year. On macroeconomic assumptions, FEC adopted an oil production benchmark of 2.6 million barrels per day (mbpd) for 2026, although a more conservative 1.8 mbpd will be used for budgeting purposes. An oil price benchmark of $64 per barrel and an exchange rate of N1,512 per dollar were also approved.
Bagudu said the exchange rate assumption reflects projections tied to economic and political developments ahead of the 2027 general elections. He said the exchange rate assumption took into account the fiscal outlook ahead of the 2027 general elections.
The minister said that all the parameters were based on macroeconomic analysis by the Budget Office and other relevant agencies. Bagudu said FEC also reviewed comments from cabinet members before approving the Medium-Term Fiscal Expenditure Ceiling (MFTEC), which sets expenditure limits. Earlier, the Senate approved the external borrowing plan of $21.5 billion presented by President Tinubu for consideration The loans, according to the Senate, were part of the MTEF and Fiscal Strategy Paper (FSP) for the 2025 budget.
Economy
CBN hikes interest on treasury Bills above inflation rate
The spot rate on Nigerian Treasury bills has been increased by 146 basis points by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) following tight subscription levels at the main auction on Wednesday. The spot rate on Treasury bills with one-year maturity has now surpassed Nigeria’s 16.05% inflation by 145 basis points following a recent decision to keep the policy rate at 27%.
The Apex Bank came to the primary market with N700 billion Treasury bills offer size across standard tenors, including 91-day, 182-day and 364 day maturities. Details from the auction results showed that demand settled slightly above the total offers as investors began to seek higher returns on naira assets despite disinflation.
Total subscription came in at about N775 billion versus N700 billion offers floated at the main auction. The results showed rising appetite for duration as investors parked about 90% of their bids on Nigerian Treasury bills with 364 days maturity. The CBN opened N100 billion worth of 91 days bills for subscription, but the offer received underwhelming bids totalling N44.17 billion.
The CBN allotted N42.80 billion for the short-term instrument at the spot rate of 15.30%, the same as the previous auction. Total demand for 182 days Nigerian Treasury bills settled at N33.38 billion as against N150 billion that the authority pushed out for subscription. The CBN raised N30.36 billion from 182 days bills allotted to investors at the spot rate of 15.50%, the same as the previous auction.
Investors staked N697.29 billion on N450 billion in 364-day Treasury bills that was offered for subscription. The CBN raised N636.46 billion from the longest tenor at the spot rate of 17.50%, up from 16.04% at the previous auction.
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