600m Africans live without electricity, one billion rely on unclean cooking—UN Secretary-General

UN Secretary-General António Guterres’ has said that “Africa must be at the centre of climate justice.  The continent he said holds 60 per cent of the world’s best solar potential — and receives 2 per cent of global clean energy investment”. 

He said “With the right finance, Africa could generate 10 times more electricity than it needs by 2040, entirely from renewables.

“Yet, 600 million Africans live without electricity.  One billion still rely on unclean cooking, a crisis that takes 800,000 lives a year, mostly women and children, mostly out of sight. 

“And on average, the continent faces borrowing costs twice as high as Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries as an average — draining resources that should be building its future.

“That is not a market verdict on Africa.  It is a verdict on the injustices of the system. The continent also holds extraordinary reserves of the critical minerals the green transition depends on.  For too long, the pattern has been the same:  Africa’s resources have been extracted, the value captured elsewhere, the environmental damage left behind.

“The United Nations Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals points the way:  Fair value chains, in-country processing and manufacturing, transparency, environmental and human rights standards — and meaningful benefits for affected communities. No more exploitation.  No more plundering.

“The people of Africa must benefit, first and most, from the resources of Africa.  Going back to climate change, adaptation must no longer be an afterthought.  The adaptation finance gap must be closed.

“Africa is paying an enormous price in relation to the devastation caused by climate change, and Africa has been denied the resources and the capacities to protect the population and infrastructure in these circumstances.  Climate finance with justice is a must in today’s world.

“This Summit is about partnership — a partnership rewritten by a new generation, built on equality, complementarity and mutual benefit.”

According to him “African countries are driving one of the defining debates of our time — how to reform a global financial architecture designed in 1945 for a world that no longer exists. 

Africa played a leading role in the approval of the Pact for the Future in the General Assembly of the United Nations.

“It is African leadership building new tools like the Borrowers’ Platform so that debtor countries can speak as one and negotiate from strength; challenging the credit ratings system that locks too many out of the borrowing tools they need.

“It is African leadership that helped secure the Sevilla Commitment — to expand the lending power of multilateral development banks, to mobilize private capital at scale and to deliver relief from the debt burden crushing developing economies.

“It is African leadership — through the African Development Bank — that is advancing a bold vision to reform the continent’s financial architecture from within, mobilizing African resources for African priorities and prosperity.

“Africa is driving a UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation — so that countries are no longer cheated out of what is rightfully theirs.

“I want to praise African leaders that have understood that is absolutely essential to do everything, together with policies and strategies, to mobilize a much stronger share of natural resources in order to be able to accelerate the development of the continent.

“And it is African leadership — alongside the small island States and other developing countries on the front lines — that has placed the climate emergency where it belongs:  at the centre of the global agenda.  This is not a continent waiting for solutions.  This is a continent producing them.

But, let us be honest about what stands in Africa’s way. A global system designed without Africa — and still largely operating without Africa, perpetuating century-old injustices.

“A continent of more than one and a half billion people, with no permanent seats on the UN Security Council, as was referred by President William Ruto, and without the voice, representation and decision-making power it deserves inside the international financial institutions that shape its economy.

“It is not Africa that loses; it is the world that loses by the fact that the voice of Africa is not conveniently taken into account.

“Meanwhile, as we well know, official development assistance (ODA) is collapsing.  Aid budgets cut, partnerships unwound, commitments walked back — just as the need is greatest.  This is not only a financing crisis, it is a crisis of solidarity.

“Take climate change.  Africa did not cause it, yet the continent is warming faster than the global average — bearing the harshest consequences, in displaced communities, lost harvests and economic shocks. 

“Today’s global energy turmoil — volatile fossil fuel markets, fragmenting trade — is deepening fiscal stress, inflation and stunted development across the continent.

“That means co-investing in industries Africans build and own.  It means strengthening African universities and research institutions; building African capacity in artificial intelligence (AI), so that AI is shaped by African data, African languages, African researchers and African ownership; partnerships that work with Africa’s own road maps:  the African Continental Free Trade Area, Agenda 2063 and national development priorities; and it means finance on terms that work for both sides.

“The largest transformation of this century is not a market, it is a generation.  By 2050, one in four people on the planet will be African.  Young leaders gathered at this Summit are showing what a new partnership can look like. 

“Across this continent, millions more are already at work — coding, farming, building, organizing, imagining and demanding inclusive democratic governance and accountable institutions.

“The success of this continent is not Africa’s interest alone — it is the world’s.  Africa’s ambition demands investment at scale, justice in global systems and partnerships grounded in respect.  Together, let us move Africa Forward — with confidence in its people, solidarity with its journey and hope for our common future.”